महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-59, verse-19

ततः सेनापतिरभूत्कर्णो दौर्योधने बले ।
अक्षौहिणीभिः शिष्टाभिर्वृतः पञ्चभिराहवे ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ senāpatirabhūtkarṇo dauryodhane bale ,
akṣauhiṇībhiḥ śiṣṭābhirvṛtaḥ pañcabhirāhave.

19. tataḥ senāpatiḥ abhūt karṇaḥ dauryodhane bale
akṣauhiṇībhiḥ śiṣṭābhiḥ vṛtaḥ pañcabhiḥ āhave

19. tataḥ karṇaḥ dauryodhane bale senāpatiḥ abhūt
pañcabhiḥ śiṣṭābhiḥ akṣauhiṇībhiḥ āhave vṛtaḥ

19. Then Karṇa became the commander-in-chief of Duryodhana's army, accompanied in battle by the five remaining akṣauhiṇīs.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, after that)

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander-in-chief (commander-in-chief, general of an army)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became (became, was)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (Karṇa (proper noun))

• दौर्योधने (dauryodhane) - Duryodhana's (relating to Duryodhana, Duryodhana's)

• बले (bale) - in the army (in force, in power, in army)

• अक्षौहिणीभिः (akṣauhiṇībhiḥ) - by akṣauhiṇīs (by akṣauhiṇīs (a division of army))

• शिष्टाभिः (śiṣṭābhiḥ) - by the remaining (by the remaining, by the disciplined)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, accompanied, chosen)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - by five

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, after that)

(indeclinable)

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander-in-chief (commander-in-chief, general of an army)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

अभूत् (abhūt) - became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (Karṇa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a celebrated hero of the Mahābhārata)

दौर्योधने (dauryodhane) - Duryodhana's (relating to Duryodhana, Duryodhana's)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dauryodhana

dauryodhana - belonging to or descended from Duryodhana

derived from Duryodhana with aṇ suffix

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'bale'.

बले (bale) - in the army (in force, in power, in army)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

अक्षौहिणीभिः (akṣauhiṇībhiḥ) - by akṣauhiṇīs (by akṣauhiṇīs (a division of army))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of akṣauhiṇī

akṣauhiṇī - a complete army, consisting of 21,870 chariots, as many elephants, 65,610 horse, and 109,350 foot

शिष्टाभिः (śiṣṭābhiḥ) - by the remaining (by the remaining, by the disciplined)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of śiṣṭa

śiṣṭa - remaining, left over; disciplined, learned

Past Passive Participle

from root śiṣ (to leave, to remain)

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇībhiḥ'.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, accompanied, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ (to cover, enclose, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'karṇaḥ'.

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - by five

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇībhiḥ'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)