महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-59, verse-1

वसुदेव उवाच ।
श्रुतवानस्मि वार्ष्णेय संग्रामं परमाद्भुतम् ।
नराणां वदतां पुत्र कथोद्घातेषु नित्यशः ॥१॥

1. vasudeva uvāca ,
śrutavānasmi vārṣṇeya saṁgrāmaṁ paramādbhutam ,
narāṇāṁ vadatāṁ putra kathodghāteṣu nityaśaḥ.

1. vasudeva uvāca śrutavān asmi vārṣṇeya saṃgrāmam
paramādbhutam narāṇām vadatām putra kathodghāteṣu nityaśaḥ

1. Vasudeva said: 'O Vrishni (Vārṣṇeya), my son, I have constantly heard people speak of the exceedingly wonderful battle in their discussions.'

Words meanings summery:

• वसुदेव (vasudeva) - Vasudeva

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - having heard, heard

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - Addressed to Krishna (O Vrishni, descendant of Vrishni)

• संग्रामम् (saṁgrāmam) - Referring to the great battle (Kurukshetra War) (the battle)

• परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - Describing the battle (exceedingly wonderful, supremely marvelous)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of people

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking

• पुत्र (putra) - Addressed to Krishna (O son)

• कथोद्घातेषु (kathodghāteṣu) - in the introductions to stories/conversations, in discussions

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly, always

Words meanings and morphology

वसुदेव (vasudeva) - Vasudeva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasudeva

vasudeva - Vasudeva (a proper name, father of Krishna)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - having heard, heard

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard

Past Active Participle

Derived from root √śru with suffix -vat.

Root: śru (class 5)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - Addressed to Krishna (O Vrishni, descendant of Vrishni)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - belonging to the Vrishni clan, a descendant of Vrishni

संग्रामम् (saṁgrāmam) - Referring to the great battle (Kurukshetra War) (the battle)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, encounter

परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - Describing the battle (exceedingly wonderful, supremely marvelous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paramādbhuta

paramādbhuta - most wonderful, extremely astonishing

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+adbhuta)

• parama – supreme, highest, excellent
  adjective
• adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, astonishing
  adjective (neuter)

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, talking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √vad.

Root: vad (class 1)

पुत्र (putra) - Addressed to Krishna (O son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

कथोद्घातेषु (kathodghāteṣu) - in the introductions to stories/conversations, in discussions

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kathodghāta

kathodghāta - introduction to a story, opening of a conversation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kathā+udghāta)

• kathā – story, narrative, tale
  noun (feminine)
• udghāta – opening, beginning, introduction
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly, always

(indeclinable)

Derived from nitya with suffix -śaḥ.