महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-59, verse-31

ततस्तत्पाण्डवं सैन्यं संसुप्तं शिबिरे निशि ।
निहतं द्रोणपुत्रेण पितुर्वधममृष्यता ॥३१॥

31. tatastatpāṇḍavaṁ sainyaṁ saṁsuptaṁ śibire niśi ,
nihataṁ droṇaputreṇa piturvadhamamṛṣyatā.

31. tataḥ tat pāṇḍavam sainyam saṃsuptam śibire
niśi nihatam droṇaputreṇa pituḥ vadham amṛṣyatā

31. tataḥ droṇaputreṇa pituḥ vadham amṛṣyatā tat
pāṇḍavam sainyam saṃsuptam śibire niśi nihatam

31. Then, that Pandava army, fast asleep in the camp at night, was slain by Droṇa's son, who was unable to endure his father's death.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandava's (relating to the Pandavas, Pandava's)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, military)

• संसुप्तम् (saṁsuptam) - fast asleep (fast asleep, sleeping soundly)

• शिबिरे (śibire) - in the camp (in the camp, in the tent)

• निशि (niśi) - at night

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain (killed, struck down, destroyed)

• द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (by Drona's son)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (of the father)

• वधम् (vadham) - death (killing, slaying, murder, destruction)

• अमृष्यता (amṛṣyatā) - unable to endure (unable to endure, resenting, not bearing)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandava's (relating to the Pandavas, Pandava's)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, relating to Pāṇḍu or his sons

derived from Pāṇḍu

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, military)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force, a host

from senā (army)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'.

संसुप्तम् (saṁsuptam) - fast asleep (fast asleep, sleeping soundly)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsupta

saṁsupta - fast asleep, deeply sleeping

Past Passive Participle

Prefix sam- + root √svap (to sleep) + kta suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: √svap (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

शिबिरे (śibire) - in the camp (in the camp, in the tent)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śibira

śibira - camp, military encampment, tent

निशि (niśi) - at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain (killed, struck down, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Prefix ni- + root √han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective functioning as the main verb, agreeing with 'sainyam'.

द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (by Drona's son)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a preceptor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the action 'nihatam'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Possessive, refers to Droṇa.

वधम् (vadham) - death (killing, slaying, murder, destruction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, murder, striking

from root √vadh (to strike, kill)

Root: √vadh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'amṛṣyatā'.

अमृष्यता (amṛṣyatā) - unable to endure (unable to endure, resenting, not bearing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amṛṣyat

amṛṣyat - not enduring, unable to bear, resenting

Present Active Participle

Negative prefix a- + root √mṛṣ (to bear, endure) + śatṛ suffix

Root: √mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaputreṇa'.