महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-59, verse-17

तस्मिंस्ते पृथिवीपाला द्रोणपार्षतसंगरे ।
नानादिगागता वीराः प्रायशो निधनं गताः ॥१७॥

17. tasmiṁste pṛthivīpālā droṇapārṣatasaṁgare ,
nānādigāgatā vīrāḥ prāyaśo nidhanaṁ gatāḥ.

17. tasmin te pṛthivīpālāḥ droṇapārṣatasaṃgare
nānādigāgatāḥ vīrāḥ prāyaśaḥ nidhanam gatāḥ

17. tasmin droṇapārṣatasaṃgare te pṛthivīpālāḥ
nānādigāgatāḥ vīrāḥ prāyaśaḥ nidhanam gatāḥ

17. In that battle between Drona and Prishata's son (Dhrishtadyumna), those kings, rulers of the earth, brave warriors who had come from various directions, mostly met their death.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Referring to the specific battle mentioned. (in that, on that)

• ते (te) - Referring to the kings and warriors participating in the battle. (those, they)

• पृथिवीपालाः (pṛthivīpālāḥ) - The various kings and rulers who fought in the battle. (protectors of the earth, kings, rulers)

• द्रोणपार्षतसंगरे (droṇapārṣatasaṁgare) - The specific battle described, named after its principal combatants, Drona and Dhrishtadyumna. (in the battle of Drona and Prishata's son (Dhrishtadyumna))

• नानादिगागताः (nānādigāgatāḥ) - The kings and warriors had gathered from many different regions to participate in the war. (come from various directions)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - The courageous combatants in the battle. (heroes, brave men, warriors)

• प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - Indicating that a large majority, but not necessarily all, met their end. (mostly, generally, for the most part)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - The ultimate fate of most of the warriors. (death, destruction, end)

• गताः (gatāḥ) - They reached or obtained death. (gone, attained, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Referring to the specific battle mentioned. (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

ते (te) - Referring to the kings and warriors participating in the battle. (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

पृथिवीपालाः (pṛthivīpālāḥ) - The various kings and rulers who fought in the battle. (protectors of the earth, kings, rulers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pṛthivīpāla

pṛthivīpāla - protector of the earth, king, ruler

Compound of pṛthivī + pāla.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pṛthivī+pāla)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  Root: pṛth
• pāla – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root √pāl (class 10) 'to protect'.
  Root: pāl (class 10)

द्रोणपार्षतसंगरे (droṇapārṣatasaṁgare) - The specific battle described, named after its principal combatants, Drona and Dhrishtadyumna. (in the battle of Drona and Prishata's son (Dhrishtadyumna))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of droṇapārṣatasaṃgara

droṇapārṣatasaṁgara - battle between Drona and Prishata's son (Dhrishtadyumna)

Compound.

Compound type : Dvandva-Tatpurusha (droṇa+pārṣata+saṃgara)

• droṇa – Drona, name of the royal preceptor
  proper noun (masculine)
• pārṣata – son of Prishata; Dhrishtadyumna
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Pṛṣata.
• saṃgara – battle, fight, conflict
  noun (masculine)
  From saṃ-√gṛ 'to swallow, engage, contend'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gṛ (class 6)

नानादिगागताः (nānādigāgatāḥ) - The kings and warriors had gathered from many different regions to participate in the war. (come from various directions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nānādigāgata

nānādigāgata - come from various directions

Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (nānā+diś+āgata)

• nānā – various, manifold, diverse
  indeclinable
• diś – direction, quarter, point of the compass
  noun (feminine)
  From root √diś 'to point, show'.
  Root: diś (class 6)
• āgata – come, arrived, approached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā-√gam 'to come'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vīrāḥ'.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - The courageous combatants in the battle. (heroes, brave men, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - Indicating that a large majority, but not necessarily all, met their end. (mostly, generally, for the most part)

(indeclinable)

From prāya (abundance) + suffix -śas.

निधनम् (nidhanam) - The ultimate fate of most of the warriors. (death, destruction, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, demise, end

From ni-√dhā 'to put down, deposit, destroy'.

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

गताः (gatāḥ) - They reached or obtained death. (gone, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam 'to go, move'.

Root: gam (class 1)