महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-35, verse-38

विशेषाः पञ्चभूतानामित्येषा वैदिकी श्रुतिः ।
चतुर्विंशतिरेषा वस्तत्त्वानां संप्रकीर्तिता ॥३८॥

38. viśeṣāḥ pañcabhūtānāmityeṣā vaidikī śrutiḥ ,
caturviṁśatireṣā vastattvānāṁ saṁprakīrtitā.

38. viśeṣāḥ pañcabhūtānām iti eṣā vaidikī śrutiḥ
caturviṃśatiḥ eṣā vaḥ tattvānām samprakīrtitā

38. eṣā viśeṣāḥ pañcabhūtānām iti vaidikī śrutiḥ
eṣā caturviṃśatiḥ tattvānām vaḥ samprakīrtitā

38. The specific qualities of the five great elements — this is the Vedic revelation (śruti). These twenty-four principles (tattvas) are thus declared to you.

Words meanings summery:

• विशेषाः (viśeṣāḥ) - The specific subtle properties (tanmātras) and gross characteristics of the elements (specific qualities, distinctions, particularities)

• पञ्चभूतानाम् (pañcabhūtānām) - Relating to the five gross elements: ether, air, fire, water, and earth (of the five great elements)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this way, marks the end of a quotation or thought

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• वैदिकी (vaidikī) - Vedic, related to the Vedas

• श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - The revealed texts of the Vedas, considered eternal and infallible (revelation, sacred tradition)

• चतुर्विंशतिः (caturviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-four

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural), your

• तत्त्वानाम् (tattvānām) - Referring to the categories of existence in philosophical systems like Sāṅkhya (of the principles, of the realities)

• सम्प्रकीर्तिता (samprakīrtitā) - declared, enumerated, proclaimed

Words meanings and morphology

विशेषाः (viśeṣāḥ) - The specific subtle properties (tanmātras) and gross characteristics of the elements (specific qualities, distinctions, particularities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, particularity, specific quality, difference, special attribute

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

पञ्चभूतानाम् (pañcabhūtānām) - Relating to the five gross elements: ether, air, fire, water, and earth (of the five great elements)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of pañcabhūta

pañcabhūta - the five gross elements (ether, air, fire, water, earth)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pañcan+bhūta)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• bhūta – element, being, creature
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, in this way, marks the end of a quotation or thought

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that (near the speaker)

वैदिकी (vaidikī) - Vedic, related to the Vedas

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidika

vaidika - relating to the Vedas, Vedic, scriptural

Derived from Veda (Veda) with suffix -ika

श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - The revealed texts of the Vedas, considered eternal and infallible (revelation, sacred tradition)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śruti

śruti - hearing, listening, sacred knowledge, revelation (especially the Vedas)

From root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

चतुर्विंशतिः (caturviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-four

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (catur+viṃśati)

• catur – four
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  numeral (feminine)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that (near the speaker)

वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural), your

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Enclitic form of the 2nd person plural pronoun, here in dative case.

तत्त्वानाम् (tattvānām) - Referring to the categories of existence in philosophical systems like Sāṅkhya (of the principles, of the realities)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tattva

tattva - reality, truth, principle, element, essential nature, category of existence

From tad (that) + tva (suffix for 'ness')

सम्प्रकीर्तिता (samprakīrtitā) - declared, enumerated, proclaimed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samprakīrtita

samprakīrtita - well-proclaimed, declared, enumerated, fully expounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kīrt (to mention, praise) with upasargas sam- and pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: kīrt (class 10)