महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-35, verse-35

एतेषां पृथगध्यास्ते यो धर्मं संशितव्रतः ।
कालात्पश्यति भूतानां सदैव प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥३५॥

35. eteṣāṁ pṛthagadhyāste yo dharmaṁ saṁśitavrataḥ ,
kālātpaśyati bhūtānāṁ sadaiva prabhavāpyayau.

35. eteṣām pṛthak adhyāste yaḥ dharmam saṃśitavrataḥ
kālāt paśyati bhūtānām sadā eva prabhavāpyayau

35. yaḥ saṃśitavrataḥ eteṣām dharmam pṛthak adhyāste
kālāt bhūtānām prabhavāpyayau sadā eva paśyati

35. He who, with firm vows, individually practices the natural law (dharma) for each of these, always perceives, through time, the origin and dissolution (prabhavāpyaya) of all beings (bhūtas).

Words meanings summery:

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (social classes or paths, referring to the previous verse) (of these)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

• अध्यास्ते (adhyāste) - he pursues or practices (dharma) (he practices, he pursues, he resides over, he takes his seat upon)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the specific natural law (dharma) or duties (natural law, duty, righteousness)

• संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - having undertaken firm spiritual vows (of firm vows, of strict observance)

• कालात् (kālāt) - through the passage of time (from time, by time)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - he observes or understands (he sees, he perceives, he observes)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all created beings (bhūtas) (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• प्रभवाप्ययौ (prabhavāpyayau) - origin and dissolution, birth and death, manifestation and cessation

Words meanings and morphology

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (social classes or paths, referring to the previous verse) (of these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the 'varṇas' or 'devayāna' paths from the previous verses.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the action of 'adhyāste'.

अध्यास्ते (adhyāste) - he pursues or practices (dharma) (he practices, he pursues, he resides over, he takes his seat upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of adhi-ās

Prefix: adhi

Root: ās (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to the subject of 'paśyati'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the specific natural law (dharma) or duties (natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential quality, custom

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'adhyāste'.

संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - having undertaken firm spiritual vows (of firm vows, of strict observance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - of firm/strict vows, having sharp determination

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, resolute
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam + śo (to sharpen) + kta
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'yaḥ'.

कालात् (kālāt) - through the passage of time (from time, by time)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, death, opportunity

Note: Expresses the means or origin.

पश्यति (paśyati) - he observes or understands (he sees, he perceives, he observes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root dṛś forms paśyati in present tense (Class 4).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all created beings (bhūtas) (of beings, of creatures, of elements)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be) + kta. Used as noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'prabhavāpyayau'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'paśyati'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'sadā'.

प्रभवाप्ययौ (prabhavāpyayau) - origin and dissolution, birth and death, manifestation and cessation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of prabhavāpyaya

prabhavāpyaya - origin and dissolution, birth and death

Compound type : dvandva (prabhava+apyaya)

• prabhava – origin, source, birth, manifestation
  noun (masculine)
  From pra + bhū (to be) + a
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• apyaya – dissolution, destruction, cessation, end
  noun (masculine)
  From api + i (to go) + a
  Prefix: api
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.