महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-35, verse-32

फलमूलानिलभुजां मुनीनां वसतां वने ।
वानप्रस्थं द्विजातीनां त्रयाणामुपदिश्यते ॥३२॥

32. phalamūlānilabhujāṁ munīnāṁ vasatāṁ vane ,
vānaprasthaṁ dvijātīnāṁ trayāṇāmupadiśyate.

32. phalamūlānilabhujām munīnām vasatām vane
vānaprastham dvijātīnām trayāṇām upadiśyate

32. vane phalamūlānilabhujām vasatām munīnām
dvijātīnām trayāṇām vānaprastham upadiśyate

32. The forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage is prescribed for the three twice-born (dvijāti) classes, who are sages (muni) living in the forest, subsisting on fruits, roots, and air.

Words meanings summery:

• फलमूलानिलभुजाम् (phalamūlānilabhujām) - of those (sages) subsisting on fruits, roots, and air (of those who eat fruits, roots, and air; subsisting on fruits, roots, and air)

• मुनीनाम् (munīnām) - of sages (muni) (of sages, ascetics, silent ones)

• वसताम् (vasatām) - of those (sages) dwelling (of those dwelling, living)

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in the woods

• वानप्रस्थम् (vānaprastham) - the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage (forest-dweller stage, hermitage life)

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (dvijāti) classes (of the twice-born)

• त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three (twice-born classes) (of the three)

• उपदिश्यते (upadiśyate) - is prescribed, is taught, is instructed

Words meanings and morphology

फलमूलानिलभुजाम् (phalamūlānilabhujām) - of those (sages) subsisting on fruits, roots, and air (of those who eat fruits, roots, and air; subsisting on fruits, roots, and air)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of phalamūlānilabhuj

phalamūlānilabhuj - one who eats fruits, roots, and air

Compound of `phala` (fruit), `mūla` (root), `anila` (air) and `bhuj` (eating).

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (phala+mūla+anila+bhuj)

• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)
• mūla – root, origin, basis
  noun (neuter)
• anila – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• bhuj – eating, enjoying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √bhuj (to eat, enjoy).
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Adjective modifying `munīnām`.

मुनीनाम् (munīnām) - of sages (muni) (of sages, ascetics, silent ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one

From √man (to think) + `i` suffix.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Possessive, describing `vānaprastham` for them.

वसताम् (vasatām) - of those (sages) dwelling (of those dwelling, living)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vasat

vasat - dwelling, living, residing

Present Active Participle

From √vas (to dwell) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: vas (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest, in the woods

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Place of dwelling.

वानप्रस्थम् (vānaprastham) - the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage (forest-dweller stage, hermitage life)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vānaprastha

vānaprastha - forest-dweller, hermit; stage of life as a forest-dweller

From `vana` (forest) + `prastha` (standing, situated in).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+prastha)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• prastha – standing, situated in, flat ground, level surface
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From pra-√sthā (to stand forth).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb `upadiśyate`.

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (dvijāti) classes (of the twice-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird

`dvi` (twice) + `jāti` (born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  From √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Expresses for whom.

त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three (twice-born classes) (of the three)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the three varnas (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya).

उपदिश्यते (upadiśyate) - is prescribed, is taught, is instructed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √diś

Present Tense

From `upa` + √diś (to point, show). Present 3rd singular, passive voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)