महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-35, verse-1

अर्जुन उवाच ।
ब्रह्म यत्परमं वेद्यं तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ।
भवतो हि प्रसादेन सूक्ष्मे मे रमते मतिः ॥१॥

1. arjuna uvāca ,
brahma yatparamaṁ vedyaṁ tanme vyākhyātumarhasi ,
bhavato hi prasādena sūkṣme me ramate matiḥ.

1. arjuna uvāca | brahma yat paramam vedyam tat me vyākhyātum
arhasi | bhavataḥ hi prasādena sūkṣme me ramate matiḥ

1. Arjuna said: You are indeed worthy to explain to me that supreme reality (brahman) which is to be known. For by your grace, my intellect now delights in subtle subjects.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate, supreme reality (brahman) (the supreme reality, the absolute (brahman))

• यत् (yat) - that which (refers to brahman) (which, that which)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• वेद्यम् (vedyam) - that which is to be known (to be known, knowable, that which should be known)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the supreme knowable brahman) (that, it)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me (dative/genitive of 'I'))

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain (to explain, for explaining)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy (you are worthy, you ought, you are able)

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your (from you) (your, from you, of you (respectful 'you'))

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)

• प्रसादेन (prasādena) - by your grace (by grace, by favor, by calmness)

• सूक्ष्मे (sūkṣme) - in subtle subjects/matters (in subtle things, in subtle, refined)

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• रमते (ramate) - delights (delights, enjoys, sports)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - intellect (intellect, mind, thought)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna; white, clear

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active third person singular

From √vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate, supreme reality (brahman) (the supreme reality, the absolute (brahman))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, the Supreme Spirit, the universal soul

Note: Also accusative singular. In this context, it is the object of 'vedyam' and the subject of an implied 'is'.

यत् (yat) - that which (refers to brahman) (which, that which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which

Note: Null gender/number/case_name indicates it can vary by context, but here it is neuter singular nominative/accusative.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, most excellent

Note: Agrees with brahma (neuter).

वेद्यम् (vedyam) - that which is to be known (to be known, knowable, that which should be known)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vedya

vedya - to be known, knowable, that which should be known

gerundive

From √vid (to know) with suffix -ya.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Gerundive used as an adjective, agrees with brahma.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the supreme knowable brahman) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of 'vyākhyātum'.

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me (dative/genitive of 'I'))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Enclitic form of dative/genitive singular.

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain (to explain, for explaining)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of vyākhyā

infinitive

From √khyā (to tell) with upasargas vi and ā.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Null gender/number/case/person/tense_mode as it's an infinitive.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy (you are worthy, you ought, you are able)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active second person singular

From √arh (to be worthy).

Root: arh (class 1)

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your (from you) (your, from you, of you (respectful 'you'))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your, respectful 'you', being

present active participle

Respectful form of 'you', derived from √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Can be genitive or ablative. Here, genitive with 'prasādena'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

प्रसादेन (prasādena) - by your grace (by grace, by favor, by calmness)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, calmness, clarity

From √sad (to sit) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

सूक्ष्मे (sūkṣme) - in subtle subjects/matters (in subtle things, in subtle, refined)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, delicate, refined

Note: Used substantively, 'in subtle matters.'

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Enclitic form of genitive singular, 'my intellect'.

रमते (ramate) - delights (delights, enjoys, sports)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ram

present middle third person singular

From √ram (to delight).

Root: ram (class 1)

मतिः (matiḥ) - intellect (intellect, mind, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, thought, opinion

Note: Subject of 'ramate'.