महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-35, verse-19

कथं कर्म क्रियात्साधु कथं मुच्येत किल्बिषात् ।
के नो मार्गाः शिवाश्च स्युः किं सत्यं किं च दुष्कृतम् ॥१९॥

19. kathaṁ karma kriyātsādhu kathaṁ mucyeta kilbiṣāt ,
ke no mārgāḥ śivāśca syuḥ kiṁ satyaṁ kiṁ ca duṣkṛtam.

19. katham karma kriyāt sādhu katham mucyeta kilbiṣāt ke
naḥ mārgāḥ śivāḥ ca syuḥ kim satyam kim ca duṣkṛtam

19. katham karma sādhu kriyāt katham kilbiṣāt mucyeta ke
ca śivāḥ mārgāḥ naḥ syuḥ kim satyam kim ca duṣkṛtam

19. How should action (karma) be performed correctly? How can one be freed from faults? What paths would be auspicious for us? What is truth, and what constitutes wrongdoing?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual, fate)

• क्रियात् (kriyāt) - may it be done, should it be done (grammatically active, contextually passive)

• साधु (sādhu) - properly, well, rightly

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• मुच्येत (mucyeta) - may one be liberated, may one be freed

• किल्बिषात् (kilbiṣāt) - from sin, from fault, from impurity

• के (ke) - what, which ones

• नः (naḥ) - for us, our, to us

• मार्गाः (mārgāḥ) - paths, ways

• शिवाः (śivāḥ) - auspicious, benevolent, propitious

• च (ca) - and

• स्युः (syuḥ) - may they be, should be

• किम् (kim) - what

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• किम् (kim) - what

• च (ca) - and

• दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deed, wrongdoing, sin

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual, fate)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, religious act, fate, consequence of actions (karma)

from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

क्रियात् (kriyāt) - may it be done, should it be done (grammatically active, contextually passive)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (benedictive) (āśīrliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

साधु (sādhu) - properly, well, rightly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

मुच्येत (mucyeta) - may one be liberated, may one be freed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (liṅ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

किल्बिषात् (kilbiṣāt) - from sin, from fault, from impurity

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, fault, crime, impurity

के (ke) - what, which ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

नः (naḥ) - for us, our, to us

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used as dative 'for us' or genitive 'our'

मार्गाः (mārgāḥ) - paths, ways

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, course

शिवाः (śivāḥ) - auspicious, benevolent, propitious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, prosperous

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्युः (syuḥ) - may they be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real, sincere

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deed, wrongdoing, sin

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - evil deed, bad action, sin, wrongdoing

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+kṛta)

• dus – bad, evil, difficult
  prefix
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)