महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-18, verse-33

निर्विद्यते ततः कृत्स्नं मार्गमाणः परं पदम् ।
तस्योपदेशं वक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन सत्तम ॥३३॥

33. nirvidyate tataḥ kṛtsnaṁ mārgamāṇaḥ paraṁ padam ,
tasyopadeśaṁ vakṣyāmi yāthātathyena sattama.

33. nirvidyate tataḥ kṛtsnam mārgamāṇaḥ param padam
tasya upadeśam vakṣyāmi yāthātathyena sattama

33. Then, seeking the supreme state, he becomes detached from all of worldly existence. I will now impart his teaching to you, O most excellent one, precisely as it is.

Words meanings summery:

• निर्विद्यते (nirvidyate) - becomes detached (becomes detached, becomes dispassionate, despairs of)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - all (of worldly existence, implied) (whole, entire, all)

• मार्गमाणः (mārgamāṇaḥ) - seeking (seeking, searching, pursuing)

• परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent)

• पदम् (padam) - state, abode (state, abode, step, foot, place)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

• उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - teaching (instruction, teaching, advice)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will impart (I will speak, I will declare, I will tell)

• याथातथ्येन (yāthātathyena) - precisely as it is (truthfully, accurately, exactly as it is)

• सत्तम (sattama) - O most excellent one (O best of good men, O most excellent one)

Words meanings and morphology

निर्विद्यते (nirvidyate) - becomes detached (becomes detached, becomes dispassionate, despairs of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of nirvid

Present Tense

Root `vid` (class 4, ātmanepada) with prefix `nir`

Prefix: nir

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Subject is implied (the seeker).

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - all (of worldly existence, implied) (whole, entire, all)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, all, complete

Note: Object of `nirvidyate` (in a sense of becoming detached *from* something, often takes ablative, but here implies the scope of detachment).

मार्गमाणः (mārgamāṇaḥ) - seeking (seeking, searching, pursuing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārgamāṇa

mṛg - to seek, search, hunt, follow

Present Middle Participle

Root `mṛg` (class 10, ātmanepada)

Root: mṛg (class 10)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'nirvidyate'.

परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Modifies 'padam'.

पदम् (padam) - state, abode (state, abode, step, foot, place)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, abode, state, position, word

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'mārgamāṇaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Possessive, refers to the seeker.

उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - teaching (instruction, teaching, advice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upadeśa

upadeśa - instruction, teaching, advice, precept

From `upa-diś` (to point out, instruct)

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'vakṣyāmi'.

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will impart (I will speak, I will declare, I will tell)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Tense

Root `vac` (class 2, parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'I' (the speaker, presumably a sage or deity).

याथातथ्येन (yāthātathyena) - precisely as it is (truthfully, accurately, exactly as it is)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yāthātathya

yāthātathya - truth, accuracy, reality, state of being as it is

From `yathātatha` (as it is) with `ṣyañ` suffix for abstract noun.

Note: Adverbial use, meaning "by truth/accuracy".

सत्तम (sattama) - O most excellent one (O best of good men, O most excellent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sattama

sattama - best of the good, most excellent, most virtuous

Superlative of `sat` (good, virtuous)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Addressed to the listener (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira or a disciple).