महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-18, verse-31

यच्च किंचित्सुखं तच्च सर्वं दुःखमिति स्मरन् ।
संसारसागरं घोरं तरिष्यति सुदुस्तरम् ॥३१॥

31. yacca kiṁcitsukhaṁ tacca sarvaṁ duḥkhamiti smaran ,
saṁsārasāgaraṁ ghoraṁ tariṣyati sudustaram.

31. yat ca kiṃcit sukham tat ca sarvam duḥkham iti
smaran saṃsārasāgaram ghoram tariṣyati sudustaram

31. Remembering that whatever little happiness exists, that too is entirely sorrow, one will cross the terrible ocean of cyclic existence (saṃsāra), which is exceedingly difficult to traverse.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - whatever little (something, whatever, anything)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, ease)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - entirely (all, every, whole)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow (sorrow, suffering, pain, misery)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• स्मरन् (smaran) - remembering (remembering, recalling)

• संसारसागरम् (saṁsārasāgaram) - the ocean of cyclic existence (saṃsāra) (ocean of cyclic existence)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (terrible, dreadful, formidable)

• तरिष्यति (tariṣyati) - will cross (will cross, will overcome)

• सुदुस्तरम् (sudustaram) - exceedingly difficult to traverse (very difficult to cross, exceedingly hard to traverse)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: From 'yad', sandhi 't' before 'c'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - whatever little (something, whatever, anything)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kiṃcid

kiṁcid - something, anything, whatever

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, ease)

(noun)

neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, ease, comfort

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: From 'tad', sandhi 't' before 'c'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - entirely (all, every, whole)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow (sorrow, suffering, pain, misery)

(noun)

neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

स्मरन् (smaran) - remembering (remembering, recalling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smarant

smṛ - to remember, recall

Present Active Participle

Root `smṛ` (class 1, parasmaipada)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Declines like a noun, here in masculine nominative singular, referring to 'one' (implied subject).

संसारसागरम् (saṁsārasāgaram) - the ocean of cyclic existence (saṃsāra) (ocean of cyclic existence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃsārasāgara

saṁsārasāgara - ocean of rebirth, ocean of worldly existence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+sāgara)

• saṃsāra – cyclic existence, transmigration, worldly life
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-sṛ (to flow together, to move through)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb 'tariṣyati' (will cross).

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (terrible, dreadful, formidable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, awful

Note: Modifies 'saṃsārasāgaram'.

तरिष्यति (tariṣyati) - will cross (will cross, will overcome)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of tṛ

Future Tense

Root `tṛ` (class 1, parasmaipada)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied, referring to 'smaran' (the one remembering).

सुदुस्तरम् (sudustaram) - exceedingly difficult to traverse (very difficult to cross, exceedingly hard to traverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudustara

sudustara - very difficult to cross, exceedingly hard to traverse

Formed from `su-` (very) + `dus-` (difficult) + `tara` (crossing, from `tṛ`).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dustara)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  Prefix for intensity/excellence
• dustara – difficult to cross, hard to traverse
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (secondary derivative)
  From dus-tṛ. difficult to be crossed.
  Prefix: dus
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saṃsārasāgaram'.