महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-18, verse-22

एवं पूर्वकृतं कर्म सर्वो जन्तुर्निषेवते ।
सर्वं तत्कारणं येन निकृतोऽयमिहागतः ॥२२॥

22. evaṁ pūrvakṛtaṁ karma sarvo janturniṣevate ,
sarvaṁ tatkāraṇaṁ yena nikṛto'yamihāgataḥ.

22. evam pūrvakṛtam karma sarvaḥ jantuḥ niṣevate
sarvam tat kāraṇam yena nikṛtaḥ ayam iha āgataḥ

22. evam sarvaḥ jantuḥ pūrvakṛtam karma niṣevate
sarvam tat kāraṇam yena nikṛtaḥ ayam iha āgataḥ

22. Thus, every living being (jantu) experiences the results of actions (karma) done in the past. All of that is the cause by which this being, having been diminished, has arrived here.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• पूर्वकृतम् (pūrvakṛtam) - previously performed (previously done, done before)

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, consequence of action)

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every (all, every, whole)

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being (living being, creature, man)

• निषेवते (niṣevate) - experiences (experiences, serves, enjoys, practices)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of that (all, every, whole, everything)

• तत् (tat) - that [karma] (that, it)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the cause (cause, reason, instrument)

• येन (yena) - by which (by which, because of which, whereby)

• निकृतः (nikṛtaḥ) - diminished [by karma] (cheated, humiliated, diminished, wronged)

• अयम् (ayam) - this being (this, this one, he)

• इह (iha) - here [in this existence] (here, in this world, at this point)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - has arrived (arrived, come, attained)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb introducing the statement.

पूर्वकृतम् (pūrvakṛtam) - previously performed (previously done, done before)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrvakṛta

pūrvakṛta - previously done, done before

Compound of 'pūrva' and 'kṛta'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+kṛta)

• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'kṛ'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, consequence of action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, consequence of action

From root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'niṣevate'.

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'jantuḥ'.

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - living being (living being, creature, man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man

From root jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'niṣevate'.

निषेवते (niṣevate) - experiences (experiences, serves, enjoys, practices)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of niṣev

Present Tense

Derived from root 'sev' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Present 3rd person singular, middle voice.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of that (all, every, whole, everything)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Nominative singular, referring to the sum of actions/karma.

तत् (tat) - that [karma] (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the 'pūrvakṛtam karma'.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the cause (cause, reason, instrument)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative, 'sarvam tat kāraṇam' = 'all that is the cause'.

येन (yena) - by which (by which, because of which, whereby)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Instrumental, indicating the means by which the 'jantu' arrived.

निकृतः (nikṛtaḥ) - diminished [by karma] (cheated, humiliated, diminished, wronged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nikṛta

nikṛta - cheated, humiliated, diminished, wronged, injured

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'kṛ' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'ayam', indicating the state in which the being arrived.

अयम् (ayam) - this being (this, this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, him

Note: Refers to the 'jantuḥ'.

इह (iha) - here [in this existence] (here, in this world, at this point)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - has arrived (arrived, come, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, attained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'gam' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle, acting as predicate with implied 'is'.