महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-18, verse-28

तस्य कालपरीमाणमकरोत्स पितामहः ।
भूतेषु परिवृत्तिं च पुनरावृत्तिमेव च ॥२८॥

28. tasya kālaparīmāṇamakarotsa pitāmahaḥ ,
bhūteṣu parivṛttiṁ ca punarāvṛttimeva ca.

28. tasya kālaparimāṇam akarot sa pitāmahaḥ
bhūteṣu parivṛttim ca punarāvṛttim eva ca

28. sa pitāmahaḥ tasya kālaparimāṇam bhūteṣu
parivṛttim ca punarāvṛttim eva ca akarot

28. That grandfather (Brahma) determined the measure of its time [the creation's duration] and also the cycles of change and repeated return (saṃsāra) for all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, of it, his, its

• कालपरिमाणम् (kālaparimāṇam) - measure of time, duration, temporal limit

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he fixed, he established (he made, he did, he performed, he created)

• स (sa) - he, that

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Brahma, the creator god (grandfather, paternal grandfather; Brahma)

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings, for creatures

• परिवृत्तिम् (parivṛttim) - revolution, cycle of change, transformation, turning around

• च (ca) - and

• पुनरावृत्तिम् (punarāvṛttim) - repeated return, cycles of rebirth (saṃsāra) (return, recurrence, reincarnation, repeated rebirth)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him, of it, his, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the creation/universe whose time is being measured.

कालपरिमाणम् (kālaparimāṇam) - measure of time, duration, temporal limit

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kālaparimāṇa

kālaparimāṇa - measure of time, duration, temporal limit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+parimāṇa)

• kāla – time, suitable time, death
  noun (masculine)
• parimāṇa – measure, dimension, extent
  noun (neuter)
  from pari-mā 'to measure'
  Prefix: pari
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Object of the verb 'akarot'.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he fixed, he established (he made, he did, he performed, he created)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect

3rd person singular Imperfect (laṅ-lakāra), active voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Prajapati (pitāmaha).

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Brahma, the creator god (grandfather, paternal grandfather; Brahma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather; a name of Brahma

Note: Subject of the verb 'akarot'.

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings, for creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost

Past Passive Participle

(past participle of bhū 'to be')

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the sphere or objects for which the cycles are fixed.

परिवृत्तिम् (parivṛttim) - revolution, cycle of change, transformation, turning around

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parivṛtti

parivṛtti - revolution, cycle, change, turning around, transformation

from pari-vṛt 'to turn around'

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'akarot'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

conjunction

पुनरावृत्तिम् (punarāvṛttim) - repeated return, cycles of rebirth (saṃsāra) (return, recurrence, reincarnation, repeated rebirth)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of punarāvṛtti

punarāvṛtti - return, recurrence, repetition, repeated birth

from punar (again) + āvṛtti (return)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (punar+āvṛtti)

• punar – again, back, anew
  indeclinable
• āvṛtti – turning back, return, repetition
  noun (feminine)
  from ā-vṛt
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'akarot'.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

(indeclinable)

particle

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

conjunction