महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-15, verse-9

पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तं ज्ञातीनां च सहस्रशः ।
कथाभिः शमयामास पार्थं शौरिर्जनार्दनः ॥९॥

9. putraśokābhisaṁtaptaṁ jñātīnāṁ ca sahasraśaḥ ,
kathābhiḥ śamayāmāsa pārthaṁ śaurirjanārdanaḥ.

9. putraśokābhisantaptam jñātīnām ca sahasraśaḥ
kathābhiḥ śamayāmāsa pārtham śauriḥ janārdanaḥ

9. śauriḥ janārdanaḥ putraśokābhisantaptam jñātīnām
ca sahasraśaḥ pārtham kathābhiḥ śamayāmāsa

9. Shauri (Krishna), Janardana, pacified Partha (Arjuna)—who was intensely distressed by grief for his sons and for thousands of kinsmen—by means of these stories.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तम् (putraśokābhisantaptam) - intensely afflicted/distressed by grief for sons

• ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, of kinsmen

• च (ca) - and

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• कथाभिः (kathābhiḥ) - by stories, by narratives

• शमयामास (śamayāmāsa) - he pacified, he calmed

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Partha (Arjuna)

• शौरिः (śauriḥ) - Shauri (son of Shura, an epithet of Krishna)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (agitator of men, an epithet of Krishna)

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तम् (putraśokābhisantaptam) - intensely afflicted/distressed by grief for sons

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putraśokābhisantapta

putraśokābhisantapta - deeply distressed by sorrow for children

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+śoka+abhisantapta)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• abhisantapta – deeply afflicted, intensely distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From abhi-sam-√tap (to heat, distress)
  Prefixes: abhi+sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pārtham`.

ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, of kinsmen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative

From root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to kinsmen for whom Arjuna grieved.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

suffix `śas` indicating distribution

Note: Emphasizes the number of kinsmen.

कथाभिः (kathābhiḥ) - by stories, by narratives

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of kathā

kathā - story, tale

From root kath (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Means by which Partha was pacified.

शमयामास (śamayāmāsa) - he pacified, he calmed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śamay

Perfect 3rd singular of causal root √śamay (from śam)

Root: śam (class 1)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Partha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna)

Note: Object of pacifying.

शौरिः (śauriḥ) - Shauri (son of Shura, an epithet of Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śauri

śauri - son of Shura, Krishna

patronymic from Śūra

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (agitator of men, an epithet of Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana, Krishna, Vishnu

From jana (people) + ardana (agitating, tormenting)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ardana – tormenting, agitating, driving away
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/present participle
  From root √ard (to torment, distress)
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.