महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-76, verse-10

भीष्म उवाच ।
वृद्धानां ब्रुवतां तात श्रुतं मे यत्प्रभाषसे ।
वक्ष्यामि तदशेषेण रोहिण्यो निर्मिता यथा ॥१०॥

10. bhīṣma uvāca ,
vṛddhānāṁ bruvatāṁ tāta śrutaṁ me yatprabhāṣase ,
vakṣyāmi tadaśeṣeṇa rohiṇyo nirmitā yathā.

10. bhīṣma uvāca vṛddhānām bruvatām tāta śrutam me yat
prabhāṣase vakṣyāmi tat aśeṣeṇa rohiṇyaḥ nirmitā yathā

10. bhīṣma uvāca tāta vṛddhānām bruvatām yat prabhāṣase
me śrutam tat aśeṣeṇa vakṣyāmi rohiṇyaḥ yathā nirmitā

10. Bhīṣma said: "O dear one, I have heard what the elders say, and also what you are now asking. I will explain that in its entirety, detailing how the Rohiṇī cows were created."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of the elders, of the old ones

• ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of the elders who are speaking/have spoken (of those speaking, of the speakers)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, O child

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it has been heard by me (heard)

• मे (me) - by me (Bhīṣma) (by me, to me, my)

• यत् (yat) - that which, what

• प्रभाषसे (prabhāṣase) - you (Yudhiṣṭhira) are asking/speaking (you speak, you say)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will explain

• तत् (tat) - that (which you asked and I heard) (that)

• अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, entirely, without remainder

• रोहिण्यः (rohiṇyaḥ) - Rohiṇī cows, tawny cows

• निर्मिता (nirmitā) - created, formed

• यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which manner

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru warrior)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Perfect 3rd singular active form of the root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of the elders, of the old ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, wise

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √vṛdh (to grow), used substantively as 'an elder'.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of the elders who are speaking/have spoken (of those speaking, of the speakers)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, telling

present active participle

Present active participle of √brū (to speak, tell).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛddhānām'.

तात (tāta) - O dear one, O child

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, darling

Note: Bhīṣma addressing Yudhiṣṭhira.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it has been heard by me (heard)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, renowned

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Implied predicate, meaning 'it has been heard'.

मे (me) - by me (Bhīṣma) (by me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic pronoun, here functioning in the agentive sense with the past passive participle 'śrutam'.

यत् (yat) - that which, what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, object of 'prabhāṣase' and 'śrutam'.

प्रभाषसे (prabhāṣase) - you (Yudhiṣṭhira) are asking/speaking (you speak, you say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prabhāṣ

present middle

Present 2nd singular middle form of the root pra-√bhāṣ (to speak).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will explain

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

future active

Future 1st singular active form of the root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (which you asked and I heard) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, object of 'vakṣyāmi'.

अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, entirely, without remainder

(indeclinable)

Derived from a- (not) + śeṣa (remainder).

Note: Instrumental singular of the adjective 'aśeṣa', used adverbially.

रोहिण्यः (rohiṇyaḥ) - Rohiṇī cows, tawny cows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rohiṇī

rohiṇī - a reddish or tawny cow, a specific class of cows

Note: Subject of the clause 'rohiṇyaḥ nirmitā'.

निर्मिता (nirmitā) - created, formed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nirmita

nirmita - created, made, formed

past passive participle

Past passive participle of nir-√mā (to measure, form, create).

Prefix: nir

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rohiṇyaḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparative clause or indicates manner.