महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-42, verse-31

लक्षणं लक्षणेनैव वदनं वदनेन च ।
विधाय न मया चोक्तं सत्यमेतद्गुरोस्तदा ॥३१॥

31. lakṣaṇaṁ lakṣaṇenaiva vadanaṁ vadanena ca ,
vidhāya na mayā coktaṁ satyametadgurostadā.

31. lakṣaṇam lakṣaṇena eva vadanam vadanena ca
vidhāya na mayā ca uktam satyam etat guroḥ tadā

31. lakṣaṇena eva lakṣaṇam ca vadanena vadanam vidhāya,
tadā etat guroḥ satyam mayā ca na uktam

31. Having managed every subtle aspect, feature by feature and face by face, this truth concerning the preceptor was not spoken by me then.

Words meanings summery:

• लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - a mark, a characteristic, a feature

• लक्षणेन (lakṣaṇena) - by a mark, by a feature

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, precisely

• वदनम् (vadanam) - a face, a mouth

• वदनेन (vadanena) - by a face, by a mouth

• च (ca) - and

• विधाय (vidhāya) - having performed (his duty of protection) (having done, having made, having arranged)

• न (na) - not

• मया (mayā) - by Vipula (by me)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

• सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth of his actions or the situation (truth)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - concerning his guru Ruci (of the guru, concerning the preceptor)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - a mark, a characteristic, a feature

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic, feature, indication

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb of doing.

लक्षणेन (lakṣaṇena) - by a mark, by a feature

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇa

lakṣaṇa - mark, sign, characteristic, feature, indication

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

वदनम् (vadanam) - a face, a mouth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadana

vadana - face, mouth, speech

Root: vad (class 1)

वदनेन (vadanena) - by a face, by a mouth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vadana

vadana - face, mouth, speech

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विधाय (vidhāya) - having performed (his duty of protection) (having done, having made, having arranged)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dhā with prefix vi, with suffix -ya (l-absolutive)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by Vipula (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Agent in passive construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth of his actions or the situation (truth)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality

Note: Subject of uktam.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Agrees with satyam.

गुरोः (guroḥ) - concerning his guru Ruci (of the guru, concerning the preceptor)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, revered person

Note: Modifies satyam, 'the truth concerning the guru'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)