महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-42, verse-24

एवं संचिन्तयन्नेव विपुलो राजसत्तम ।
अवाङ्मुखो न्यस्तशिरा दध्यौ दुष्कृतमात्मनः ॥२४॥

24. evaṁ saṁcintayanneva vipulo rājasattama ,
avāṅmukho nyastaśirā dadhyau duṣkṛtamātmanaḥ.

24. evam saṃcintayan eva vipulaḥ rājasattama
avāṅmukhaḥ nyastaśirāḥ dadhyau duṣkṛtam ātmanaḥ

24. rājasattama vipulaḥ evam saṃcintayan eva
avāṅmukhaḥ nyastaśirāḥ ātmanaḥ duṣkṛtam dadhyau

24. O best of kings, Vipula, thus contemplating, with his face downcast and head bowed, pondered his own misdeed (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

• संचिन्तयन् (saṁcintayan) - contemplating (his misdeed) (contemplating, thinking deeply)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just (emphasizing the action) (indeed, only, just)

• विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - Vipula (proper name) (Vipula (a name), extensive, large)

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - Addressing Vipula as the best of kings (O best of kings)

• अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - with his face downcast (downcast, with face downwards)

• न्यस्तशिराः (nyastaśirāḥ) - with his head bowed (with head bowed, with head placed down)

• दध्यौ (dadhyau) - pondered (his misdeed) (he meditated, he thought deeply)

• दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - his misdeed (misdeed, evil deed, sin)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (misdeed) (of oneself, of the self, his own)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

संचिन्तयन् (saṁcintayan) - contemplating (his misdeed) (contemplating, thinking deeply)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃcintayat

saṁcintayat - contemplating, thinking deeply

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root cint (चिन्त्) 'to think' with prefix sam (सम्)

Prefix: sam

Root: cint (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying Vipula

एव (eva) - indeed, just (emphasizing the action) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - Vipula (proper name) (Vipula (a name), extensive, large)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - Vipula (proper name); extensive, large, broad

Note: Subject of the sentence

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - Addressing Vipula as the best of kings (O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent (superlative of sat)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Addressed to Vipula

अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - with his face downcast (downcast, with face downwards)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāṅmukha

avāṅmukha - downward-faced, with face downwards, downcast

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avāñc+mukha)

• avāñc – downward, low
  adjective
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying Vipula

न्यस्तशिराः (nyastaśirāḥ) - with his head bowed (with head bowed, with head placed down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyastaśiras

nyastaśiras - one whose head is bowed, with head placed down

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyasta+śiras)

• nyasta – placed down, put down
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root as (अस्) with prefix ni (नि)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying Vipula

दध्यौ (dadhyau) - pondered (his misdeed) (he meditated, he thought deeply)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dhyai

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root dhyai (ध्यै)

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Verb for Vipula's action

दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - his misdeed (misdeed, evil deed, sin)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - evil deed, misdeed, sin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kṛta)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, deed
  noun
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (कृ) 'to do'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of contemplation

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (misdeed) (of oneself, of the self, his own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Possessive of duṣkṛtam