महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-42, verse-20

तयोर्विस्पर्धतोरेवं शपथोऽयमभूत्तदा ।
मनसोद्दिश्य विपुलं ततो वाक्यमथोचतुः ॥२०॥

20. tayorvispardhatorevaṁ śapatho'yamabhūttadā ,
manasoddiśya vipulaṁ tato vākyamathocatuḥ.

20. tayoḥ vispardhatoḥ evam śapathaḥ ayam abhūt tadā
manasā uddiśya vipulam tataḥ vākyam atha ucatuḥ

20. tayoḥ vispardhatoḥ evam ayam śapathaḥ tadā abhūt.
tataḥ manasā vipulam uddiśya atha vākyam ūcatuḥ.

20. As those two were thus competing, this oath was then made. Then, mentally addressing Vipula, they both uttered this statement.

Words meanings summery:

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (competing individuals) (of those two, their)

• विस्पर्धतोः (vispardhatoḥ) - of the two competing (individuals) (of the two competing, to the two competing)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• शपथः (śapathaḥ) - this oath (oath, curse)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, happened, became

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, mentally

• उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - having pointed out, having indicated, having addressed

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - Vipula (the sage's name, as the object of mental address) (Vipula (masculine accusative singular))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereupon

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement, sentence

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they both spoke, they both said

Words meanings and morphology

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (competing individuals) (of those two, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Could also be feminine or neuter based on context.

विस्पर्धतोः (vispardhatoḥ) - of the two competing (individuals) (of the two competing, to the two competing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of vispardhat

vispardhat - competing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root spardh (to compete) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: spardh (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

शपथः (śapathaḥ) - this oath (oath, curse)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śapatha

śapatha - oath, curse

Root: śap (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, happened, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - having pointed out, having indicated, having addressed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root diś (to point, show) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

विपुलम् (vipulam) - Vipula (the sage's name, as the object of mental address) (Vipula (masculine accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - Vipula (a proper name); vast, extensive, abundant

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereupon

(indeclinable)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they both spoke, they both said

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)