महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-42, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
विपुलस्त्वकरोत्तीव्रं तपः कृत्वा गुरोर्वचः ।
तपोयुक्तमथात्मानममन्यत च वीर्यवान् ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
vipulastvakarottīvraṁ tapaḥ kṛtvā gurorvacaḥ ,
tapoyuktamathātmānamamanyata ca vīryavān.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca vipulaḥ tu akarot tīvram tapaḥ kṛtvā guroḥ
vacaḥ tapaḥ-yuktam atha ātmānam amanyata ca vīryavān

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca vipulaḥ tu guroḥ vacaḥ kṛtvā tīvram tapaḥ
akarot atha vīryavān ca ātmānam tapaḥ-yuktam amanyata

1. Bhishma said: Vipula, having performed intense austerity (tapas) in accordance with his guru's instruction, then considered himself (ātman) to be powerful and endowed with such ascetic practice.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke (perfect tense)

• विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - Vipula (a proper name) (Vipula (a proper name), extensive, vast)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• अकरोत् (akarot) - did, made, performed (imperfect tense)

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe, sharp

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, asceticism (tapas)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the guru, of the teacher

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, instruction

• तपः-युक्तम् (tapaḥ-yuktam) - endowed with austerity (tapas), engaged in ascetic practice

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul (ātman), himself

• अमन्यत (amanyata) - considered, thought (imperfect tense)

• च (ca) - and, also

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, energetic, valiant

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata), terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke (perfect tense)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: reduplicated perfect form of √vac

विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - Vipula (a proper name) (Vipula (a proper name), extensive, vast)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - Vipula (a sage's name), large, extensive

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

Note: marks a transition or contrast

अकरोत् (akarot) - did, made, performed (imperfect tense)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: root √kṛ with augment 'a' and personal ending

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe, sharp

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, severe, sharp

Note: modifies "tapaḥ"

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, asceticism (tapas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, asceticism, penance

from root √tap

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: object of "akarot" and "kṛtvā"

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: gerund/absolutive

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the guru, of the teacher

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, venerable

Note: modifies "vacaḥ"

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, instruction

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

from root √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: object of "kṛtvā" (implied)

तपः-युक्तम् (tapaḥ-yuktam) - endowed with austerity (tapas), engaged in ascetic practice

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapas-yukta

tapas-yukta - endowed with (tapas), practicing austerity

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapas+yukta)

• tapas – austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root √yuj
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: modifies "ātmānam"

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: marks a sequence

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul (ātman), himself

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit

Note: object of "amanyata"

अमन्यत (amanyata) - considered, thought (imperfect tense)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: root √man with augment 'a' and middle voice personal ending

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: connective particle

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, energetic, valiant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valiant, strong

from vīrya + matup suffix

Note: predicate nominative for "ātmānam" (himself), refers to Vipula