महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-81, verse-4

धर्मात्मा पञ्चमं मित्रं स तु नैकस्य न द्वयोः ।
यतो धर्मस्ततो वा स्यान्मध्यस्थो वा ततो भवेत् ॥४॥

4. dharmātmā pañcamaṁ mitraṁ sa tu naikasya na dvayoḥ ,
yato dharmastato vā syānmadhyastho vā tato bhavet.

4. dharmātmā pañcamam mitram saḥ tu na ekasya na dvayoḥ
yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ vā syāt madhyasthaḥ vā tataḥ bhavet

4. dharmātmā pañcamam mitram (asti).
saḥ tu na ekasya,
na dvayoḥ (asti).
yataḥ dharmaḥ (asti),
tataḥ (saḥ) vā syāt,
vā tataḥ madhyasthaḥ bhavet.

4. A righteous soul (dharmātmā) is the fifth type of ally, but such a one does not belong to just one party, nor to two. Where natural law (dharma) exists, he will side with that, or he may remain neutral.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, virtuous person (dharmātmā)

• पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend, ally

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• न (na) - not, no

• एकस्य (ekasya) - of one

• न (na) - not, no

• द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of two, concerning two

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, because, where

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from there

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• मध्यस्थः (madhyasthaḥ) - neutral, impartial, standing in the middle

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from there

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, virtuous person (dharmātmā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - a righteous soul, a virtuous person, one whose nature is dharma

Compound of dharma (righteousness, natural law) + ātman (self, soul)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

(numeral)

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend, ally

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, the sun

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एकस्य (ekasya) - of one

(numeral)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of two, concerning two

(numeral)

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, because, where

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, moral merit (dharma)

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from there

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

मध्यस्थः (madhyasthaḥ) - neutral, impartial, standing in the middle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyastha

madhyastha - standing in the middle, neutral, impartial, arbitrator

Compound of madhya (middle) + stha (standing, abiding)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+stha)

• madhya – middle, central, intermediate
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from there

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)