महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-52, verse-5

कथयेद्देवलोकं यो देवराजसमीपतः ।
धर्मकामार्थशास्त्राणां सोऽर्थान्ब्रूयात्तवाग्रतः ॥५॥

5. kathayeddevalokaṁ yo devarājasamīpataḥ ,
dharmakāmārthaśāstrāṇāṁ so'rthānbrūyāttavāgrataḥ.

5. kathayet devalokam yaḥ devarājasamīpataḥ
dharmakāmārthaśāstrāṇām saḥ arthān brūyāt tava agrataḥ

5. yaḥ devarājasamīpataḥ devalokam kathayet,
saḥ tava agrataḥ dharmakāmārthaśāstrāṇām arthān brūyāt

5. He who can describe the realm of the gods, having been in the presence of the king of gods (Indra), he would explain to you the principles of the treatises on natural law (dharma), desire (kāma), and wealth (artha) in your presence.

Words meanings summery:

• कथयेत् (kathayet) - would tell, should tell, would describe

• देवलोकम् (devalokam) - the realm of the gods (the world of gods, heaven)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

• देवराजसमीपतः (devarājasamīpataḥ) - from the presence of the king of gods (Indra) (from the vicinity of the king of gods)

• धर्मकामार्थशास्त्राणाम् (dharmakāmārthaśāstrāṇām) - of the treatises on natural law (dharma), desire (kāma), and wealth (artha) (of the treatises on dharma, kāma, and artha)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अर्थान् (arthān) - the principles (meanings, purposes, objects, principles)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would speak, should speak, would explain

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, in presence of, before

Words meanings and morphology

कथयेत् (kathayet) - would tell, should tell, would describe

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of kath

Potential Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person, singular, potential mood, active voice

Root: kath (class 1)

देवलोकम् (devalokam) - the realm of the gods (the world of gods, heaven)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devaloka

devaloka - world of gods, heaven, celestial realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+loka)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, sphere
  noun (masculine)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

देवराजसमीपतः (devarājasamīpataḥ) - from the presence of the king of gods (Indra) (from the vicinity of the king of gods)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rāja+samīpa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• samīpa – proximity, vicinity, nearness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Suffix -tas (तस्) indicates 'from'.

धर्मकामार्थशास्त्राणाम् (dharmakāmārthaśāstrāṇām) - of the treatises on natural law (dharma), desire (kāma), and wealth (artha) (of the treatises on dharma, kāma, and artha)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of dharmakāmārthaśāstra

dharmakāmārthaśāstra - treatises on dharma, kāma, and artha; political science

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (dharma+kāma+artha+śāstra)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ
• kāma – desire, wish, longing, pleasure, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, prosperity, material well-being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: arth
• śāstra – treatise, scripture, science, rule, manual
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that (demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun)

अर्थान् (arthān) - the principles (meanings, purposes, objects, principles)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, prosperity, material well-being

Root: arth

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would speak, should speak, would explain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential (vidhiliṅ) of brū

Potential Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person, singular, potential mood, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, in presence of, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Suffix -tas (तस्) indicates 'in front of' or 'from'.