महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-52, verse-13

कथं त्वयि स्थिते लोके शाश्वते लोककर्तरि ।
प्रब्रूयान्मद्विधः कश्चिद्गुरौ शिष्य इव स्थिते ॥१३॥

13. kathaṁ tvayi sthite loke śāśvate lokakartari ,
prabrūyānmadvidhaḥ kaścidgurau śiṣya iva sthite.

13. katham tvayi sthite loke śāśvate lokakartari
prabrūyāt madvidhaḥ kaścit gurau śiṣyaḥ iva sthite

13. katham madvidhaḥ kaścit tvayi śāśvate lokakartari
loke sthite gurau śiṣyaḥ iva sthite prabrūyāt

13. How could one like me speak to you, the eternal creator of the world (lokakartṛ), who are present in this world, just as a disciple speaks to a guru who is present?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, to you

• स्थिते (sthite) - being present, residing (being, existing, situated)

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• शाश्वते (śāśvate) - eternal, perpetual, constant

• लोककर्तरि (lokakartari) - to the creator of the world

• प्रब्रूयात् (prabrūyāt) - would speak, should speak, could speak

• मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - one like me, a person of my kind

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, some

• गुरौ (gurau) - to the guru, in the guru

• शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• स्थिते (sthite) - being present (being, existing, situated)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, to you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

स्थिते (sthite) - being present, residing (being, existing, situated)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) +kta suffix.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayi'.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, vision

शाश्वते (śāśvate) - eternal, perpetual, constant

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, permanent

Note: Agrees with 'tvayi'.

लोककर्तरि (lokakartari) - to the creator of the world

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of lokakartṛ

lokakartṛ - creator of the world

Compound type : Tatpurusha (loka+kartṛ)

• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
• kartṛ – doer, maker, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with -tṛ suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayi'.

प्रब्रूयात् (prabrūyāt) - would speak, should speak, could speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pra-brū

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - one like me, a person of my kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - like me, of my kind

Derived from 'mat' (my/me) and 'vidha' (kind, sort).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mat+vidha)

• mat – me, my
  pronoun
  A pronominal stem for 'asmad' (I/we).
• vidha – kind, sort, type, manner
  noun (masculine)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain

Indefinite pronoun formed from 'kim' (who/what) and 'cid' (particle).

गुरौ (gurau) - to the guru, in the guru

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual guide, heavy, important

शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student, pupil

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root śās (to teach, instruct) + ya suffix; meaning 'one to be taught'.

Root: śās (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

स्थिते (sthite) - being present (being, existing, situated)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) +kta suffix.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gurau'.