महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-8

अव्यक्तस्य परं प्राहुर्विद्यां वै पञ्चविंशकम् ।
सर्वस्य सर्वमित्युक्तं ज्ञेयं ज्ञानस्य पार्थिव ॥८॥

8. avyaktasya paraṁ prāhurvidyāṁ vai pañcaviṁśakam ,
sarvasya sarvamityuktaṁ jñeyaṁ jñānasya pārthiva.

8. avyaktasya param prāhuḥ vidyām vai pañcaviṃśakam
sarvasya sarvam iti uktam jñeyam jñānasya pārthiva

8. pārthiva avyaktasya param pañcaviṃśakam vai vidyām
prāhuḥ sarvasya sarvam iti uktam jñānasya jñeyam

8. O Pārthiva, the wise declare the supreme twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa), which transcends the unmanifest (prakṛti), to be true knowledge (vidyā). It is stated that the knowable (jñeya), which is the totality of all existence, is the very essence of knowledge (jñāna).

Words meanings summery:

• अव्यक्तस्य (avyaktasya) - of the primordial nature (prakṛti) (of the unmanifest, of the indistinct)

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

• विद्याम् (vidyām) - true knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• पञ्चविंशकम् (pañcaviṁśakam) - the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) in Sāṃkhya philosophy (the twenty-fifth)

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everything

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - the all, the whole, everything

• इति (iti) - introducing a declaration or conclusion (thus, in this way, so)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - stated, declared, said

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - the knowable, that which is to be known

• ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge, pertaining to knowledge

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king, O son of Pṛthā, O earthly one)

Words meanings and morphology

अव्यक्तस्य (avyaktasya) - of the primordial nature (prakṛti) (of the unmanifest, of the indistinct)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, indistinct, primordial nature (prakṛti)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'a' (negation) + 'vyakta' (manifest).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negation particle
• vyakta – manifest, distinct, perceptible
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'añj' with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Refers to primordial nature (prakṛti).

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Here acts as an adjective for 'pañcaviṃśakam' (the twenty-fifth principle).

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of pra-ah

Perfect 3rd person plural of pra-ah (from root brū).

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: It is often translated as a present tense 'they say' in philosophical contexts.

विद्याम् (vidyām) - true knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, wisdom, learning, true knowledge

From root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

पञ्चविंशकम् (pañcaviṁśakam) - the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) in Sāṃkhya philosophy (the twenty-fifth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcaviṃśaka

pañcaviṁśaka - the twenty-fifth principle

Compound of 'pañcan' (five) and 'viṃśati' (twenty).

Compound type : dvigu (pañcan+viṃśati)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa).

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everything

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire, every

सर्वम् (sarvam) - the all, the whole, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire, every

इति (iti) - introducing a declaration or conclusion (thus, in this way, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - stated, declared, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - stated, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - the knowable, that which is to be known

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - knowable, perceptible, to be known

Gerundive

From root 'jñā' (to know), with suffix -eya.

Root: jñā (class 9)

ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge, pertaining to knowledge

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding

From root 'jñā' (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king, O son of Pṛthā, O earthly one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to earth, earthly, a king, son of Pṛthā

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

Note: Addressing a king or Arjuna.

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