महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-10

विद्याविद्यार्थतत्त्वेन मयोक्तं ते विशेषतः ।
अक्षरं च क्षरं चैव यदुक्तं तन्निबोध मे ॥१०॥

10. vidyāvidyārthatattvena mayoktaṁ te viśeṣataḥ ,
akṣaraṁ ca kṣaraṁ caiva yaduktaṁ tannibodha me.

10. vidyāvidyārthatattvena mayā uktam te viśeṣataḥ
akṣaram ca kṣaram ca eva yat uktam tat nibodha me

10. mayā te vidyāvidyārthatattvena viśeṣataḥ uktam akṣaram ca kṣaram ca eva yat uktam,
tat me nibodha

10. By me, the essential nature of both knowledge (vidyā) and ignorance (avidyā) has been explained to you in detail. Now, regarding that which has been stated about the immutable (akṣara) and the mutable (kṣara), understand it from me.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्याविद्यार्थतत्त्वेन (vidyāvidyārthatattvena) - by the essential nature of knowledge (vidyā) and ignorance (avidyā) (by the true principle of knowledge and ignorance, by the essential nature of knowledge and non-knowledge)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• उक्तम् (uktam) - stated, declared, said

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, in detail

• अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - the immutable (brahman or puruṣa) (the immutable, the imperishable, syllable)

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षरम् (kṣaram) - the mutable (prakṛti or the empirical world) (the mutable, the perishable)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that which

• उक्तम् (uktam) - stated, declared, said

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, know

• मे (me) - from me (indicating source) (from me, for me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

विद्याविद्यार्थतत्त्वेन (vidyāvidyārthatattvena) - by the essential nature of knowledge (vidyā) and ignorance (avidyā) (by the true principle of knowledge and ignorance, by the essential nature of knowledge and non-knowledge)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidyāvidyārthatattva

vidyāvidyārthatattva - the true principle/essence of knowledge and non-knowledge

Compound of 'vidyā', 'avidyā', 'artha', and 'tattva'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidyā+avidyā+artha+tattva)

• vidyā – knowledge, wisdom, learning
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• avidyā – ignorance, non-knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' and 'vidyā'.
  Root: vid (class 2)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tad' + 'tva' suffix.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Instrumental singular of asmad.

Note: Refers to the speaker.

उक्तम् (uktam) - stated, declared, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - stated, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Dative/Genitive singular of yuṣmad.

Note: Refers to the listener.

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, in detail

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from viśeṣa (distinction, specific).

अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - the immutable (brahman or puruṣa) (the immutable, the imperishable, syllable)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣara

akṣara - immutable, imperishable, syllable, Brahman

From 'a' (negation) + 'kṣara' (perishable).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negation particle
• kṣara – perishable, mutable, decaying
  adjective
  From root 'kṣar' (to perish).
  Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Refers to the immutable (brahman or puruṣa).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षरम् (kṣaram) - the mutable (prakṛti or the empirical world) (the mutable, the perishable)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣara

kṣara - mutable, perishable, liable to decay

From root 'kṣar' (to perish).

Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Refers to the mutable (prakṛti).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - what, which, that which

Nominative/accusative singular neuter of 'yad'.

उक्तम् (uktam) - stated, declared, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - stated, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Nominative/accusative singular neuter of 'tad'.

Note: Refers to what was said previously.

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh

Imperative 2nd person singular from root 'budh' with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me (indicating source) (from me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive/Dative singular of asmad.

Note: Indicates source 'from me'.