महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-11

उभावेतौ क्षरावुक्तावुभावेतौ च नक्षरौ ।
कारणं तु प्रवक्ष्यामि यथा ख्यातौ तु तत्त्वतः ॥११॥

11. ubhāvetau kṣarāvuktāvubhāvetau ca nakṣarau ,
kāraṇaṁ tu pravakṣyāmi yathā khyātau tu tattvataḥ.

11. ubhau etau kṣarau uktau ubhau etau ca na akṣarau
kāraṇam tu pravakṣyāmi yathā khyātau tu tattvataḥ

11. ubhau etau kṣarau uktau ca ubhau etau na akṣarau.
tu (aham) kāraṇam pravakṣyāmi yathā tu tattvataḥ khyātau

11. Both of these (knowledge and ignorance, or aspects of the mutable/immutable from the previous verse) are declared to be mutable (kṣara), and neither of them is immutable (akṣara). However, I will truly explain to you the reason why they are designated as such.

Words meanings summery:

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• क्षरौ (kṣarau) - mutable, perishable (dual)

• उक्तौ (uktau) - declared (dual), said

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• अक्षरौ (akṣarau) - immutable (dual), imperishable

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the reason, the cause

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner

• ख्यातौ (khyātau) - declared, renowned, known (dual)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, truly, according to reality, essentially

Words meanings and morphology

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Nominative/accusative dual masculine/neuter of 'ubha'.

Note: Refers to two entities.

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

Nominative dual masculine of 'etad'.

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned two things.

क्षरौ (kṣarau) - mutable, perishable (dual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṣara

kṣara - mutable, perishable, liable to decay

From root 'kṣar' (to perish).

Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Refers to two mutable things.

उक्तौ (uktau) - declared (dual), said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ukta

ukta - stated, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

Nominative dual masculine of 'ukta' from root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Nominative/accusative dual masculine/neuter of 'ubha'.

Note: Refers to two entities.

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

Nominative dual masculine of 'etad'.

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned two things.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

अक्षरौ (akṣarau) - immutable (dual), imperishable

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of akṣara

akṣara - immutable, imperishable, syllable, Brahman

From 'a' (negation) + 'kṣara' (perishable).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negation particle
• kṣara – perishable, mutable, decaying
  adjective
  From root 'kṣar' (to perish).
  Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Refers to two immutable things.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the reason, the cause

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root 'kṛ' (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or slight contrast.

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pra-vac

Future 1st person singular of root 'vac' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb.

ख्यातौ (khyātau) - declared, renowned, known (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, declared, spoken of

Past Passive Participle

Nominative dual masculine of 'khyāta' from root 'khyā' (to be known, to tell).

Root: khyā (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or slight contrast.

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, truly, according to reality, essentially

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas. From 'tattva' (truth, reality).