महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-17

तदाक्षरत्वं प्रकृतिर्गच्छते गुणसंज्ञिता ।
निर्गुणत्वं च वैदेह गुणेषु प्रतिवर्तनात् ॥१७॥

17. tadākṣaratvaṁ prakṛtirgacchate guṇasaṁjñitā ,
nirguṇatvaṁ ca vaideha guṇeṣu prativartanāt.

17. tadā akṣaratvam prakṛtiḥ gacchate guṇasaṃjñitā
nirguṇatvam ca vaideha guṇeṣu prativartanāt

17. vaideha,
tadā guṇasaṃjñitā prakṛtiḥ akṣaratvam gacchate,
ca guṇeṣu prativartanāt nirguṇatvam (gacchate)

17. Then that nature (prakṛti), which is designated by qualities (guṇas), attains imperishability. And, O Vaideha, it attains the state of being without qualities (nirguṇatva) due to its cessation of activity within the qualities.

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अक्षरत्वम् (akṣaratvam) - the state of being imperishable or eternal (imperishability, indestructibility, eternality)

• प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - primordial nature (prakṛti), the material cause of the universe (nature, primary matter, origin, fundamental principle)

• गच्छते (gacchate) - it attains, it reaches (the state of) (it goes, it attains, it reaches)

• गुणसंज्ञिता (guṇasaṁjñitā) - the nature (prakṛti) that is characterized or identified by the guṇas. (designated by qualities, named as qualities)

• निर्गुणत्वम् (nirguṇatvam) - the ultimate state of being free from the influence of the guṇas. (state of being without qualities, attributelessness)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वैदेह (vaideha) - O Janaka (king of Videha), as a form of address. (O Vaideha, O king of Videha)

• गुणेषु (guṇeṣu) - in the constituents of nature (in the qualities, among the qualities, into the qualities)

• प्रतिवर्तनात् (prativartanāt) - due to the cessation of activity within the qualities, or turning away from them (from turning back, from ceasing activity, from reverting)

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable adverb formed from pronominal base tad.

अक्षरत्वम् (akṣaratvam) - the state of being imperishable or eternal (imperishability, indestructibility, eternality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akṣaratva

akṣaratva - imperishability, indestructibility, eternality, unchanging nature

From akṣara (imperishable) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun).

प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - primordial nature (prakṛti), the material cause of the universe (nature, primary matter, origin, fundamental principle)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, primary matter, origin, fundamental principle, disposition

From pra- + √kṛ (to make, do).

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गच्छते (gacchate) - it attains, it reaches (the state of) (it goes, it attains, it reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Middle

From root √gam (1st class, Ātmanepada in this specific context/usage, typically Parasmaipada)

Root: gam (class 1)

गुणसंज्ञिता (guṇasaṁjñitā) - the nature (prakṛti) that is characterized or identified by the guṇas. (designated by qualities, named as qualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of guṇasaṃjñita

guṇasaṁjñita - designated by qualities, named as qualities

Past Passive Participle

Compound of guṇa and saṃjñita (known, named). Feminine form.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (guṇa+saṃjñita)

• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent
  noun (masculine)
• saṃjñita – named, designated, known, called
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam- + √jñā (to know).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

निर्गुणत्वम् (nirguṇatvam) - the ultimate state of being free from the influence of the guṇas. (state of being without qualities, attributelessness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirguṇatva

nirguṇatva - state of being without qualities, attributelessness

From nirguṇa (without qualities) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वैदेह (vaideha) - O Janaka (king of Videha), as a form of address. (O Vaideha, O king of Videha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vaideha

vaideha - a native of Videha, a king of Videha, Janaka

Vocative singular of Vaideha.

गुणेषु (guṇeṣu) - in the constituents of nature (in the qualities, among the qualities, into the qualities)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent, thread, strand

प्रतिवर्तनात् (prativartanāt) - due to the cessation of activity within the qualities, or turning away from them (from turning back, from ceasing activity, from reverting)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of prativartana

prativartana - turning back, reverting, cessation, returning

From prati- + √vṛt (to turn, to exist).

Prefix: prati

Root: vṛt (class 1)