महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-13

सर्गप्रलयधर्मित्वादव्यक्तं प्राहुरक्षरम् ।
तदेतद्गुणसर्गाय विकुर्वाणं पुनः पुनः ॥१३॥

13. sargapralayadharmitvādavyaktaṁ prāhurakṣaram ,
tadetadguṇasargāya vikurvāṇaṁ punaḥ punaḥ.

13. sargapralayadharmitvāt avyaktaṃ prāhuḥ akṣaram
| tat etat guṇasargāya vikurvāṇaṃ punaḥ punaḥ

13. sargapralayadharmitvāt avyaktaṃ akṣaram prāhuḥ tat etat guṇasargāya punaḥ punaḥ vikurvāṇam.

13. Because of its intrinsic nature (dharma) to create and dissolve, they call the unmanifest (avyakta) the imperishable (akṣara). That very (unmanifest) transforms itself repeatedly for the evolution of the constituents (guṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• सर्गप्रलयधर्मित्वात् (sargapralayadharmitvāt) - due to its intrinsic nature (dharma) to create and dissolve (because of having the nature/law of creation and dissolution)

• अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - referring to Prakṛti, the primordial unmanifest nature (the unmanifest, the unexpressed)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they (scholars/sages) call (they say, they declare, they call)

• अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - referring to the eternal, unchanging nature of Prakṛti (the imperishable, immutable)

• तत् (tat) - refers to the 'avyakta' (unmanifest) (that)

• एतत् (etat) - reinforces 'tat' (this, that)

• गुणसर्गाय (guṇasargāya) - for the evolution of the constituents (guṇa) (for the creation of qualities, for the evolution of constituents)

• विकुर्वाणम् (vikurvāṇam) - undergoing modifications (transforming, changing, undergoing modifications)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly, further)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly, further)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्गप्रलयधर्मित्वात् (sargapralayadharmitvāt) - due to its intrinsic nature (dharma) to create and dissolve (because of having the nature/law of creation and dissolution)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sargapralayadharmitva

sargapralayadharmitva - the state of having the property/nature of creation and destruction

Formed from 'sargapralayadharmin' (having the nature of creation and destruction) with the suffix 'tva' (abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarga+pralaya+dharmin+tva)

• sarga – creation, emanation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sṛj' (to create, emit) with suffix 'a'.
  Root: sṛj (class 6)
• pralaya – dissolution, destruction, absorption
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'lī' (to dissolve) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: lī (class 4)
• dharmin – having a quality, possessing a property
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'dharma' (nature, property) with suffix 'in'.
• tva – -ness, -hood (abstract suffix)
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns.

Note: ablative singular of 'sargapralayadharmitva'

अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - referring to Prakṛti, the primordial unmanifest nature (the unmanifest, the unexpressed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, unexpressed, imperceptible

Past Passive Participle (negated)

From 'a' (not) + 'vyakta' (manifest, expressed). 'vyakta' is PPP of 'vi-añj'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• vyakta – manifest, expressed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'añj' (to anoint, to manifest) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: neuter accusative singular form of 'avyakta'

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they (scholars/sages) call (they say, they declare, they call)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (liṭ) of pra-ah

From root 'ah' (to say, to speak) with prefix 'pra'. 'prāhuḥ' is 3rd plural perfect form, but used here in a present sense.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: 3rd person plural form (lit. perfect, but used as general present) of 'pra-ah'

अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - referring to the eternal, unchanging nature of Prakṛti (the imperishable, immutable)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akṣara

akṣara - imperishable, immutable, syllable

From 'a' (not) + 'kṣara' (perishable). 'kṣara' is from root 'kṣar' (to flow, to perish).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• kṣara – perishable, flowing
  adjective (neuter)
  From root 'kṣar' (to flow, perish).
  Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: neuter accusative singular form of 'akṣara'

तत् (tat) - refers to the 'avyakta' (unmanifest) (that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: neuter nominative/accusative singular form of 'tad'

एतत् (etat) - reinforces 'tat' (this, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: neuter nominative/accusative singular form of 'etad'

गुणसर्गाय (guṇasargāya) - for the evolution of the constituents (guṇa) (for the creation of qualities, for the evolution of constituents)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of guṇasarga

guṇasarga - creation/emanation of qualities/constituents

Compound of 'guṇa' and 'sarga'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+sarga)

• guṇa – quality, constituent, strand
  noun (masculine)
• sarga – creation, emanation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sṛj' (to create, emit) with suffix 'a'.
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: masculine dative singular form of 'guṇasarga'

विकुर्वाणम् (vikurvāṇam) - undergoing modifications (transforming, changing, undergoing modifications)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of vikurvāṇa

vikurvāṇa - transforming, modifying, changing

Present Middle Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with prefix 'vi' and suffix 'āṇa'.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: neuter nominative/accusative singular form of 'vikurvāṇa'

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly, further)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly, further)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition emphasizes the continuous nature.