महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-1

वसिष्ठ उवाच ।
सांख्यदर्शनमेतावदुक्तं ते नृपसत्तम ।
विद्याविद्ये त्विदानीं मे त्वं निबोधानुपूर्वशः ॥१॥

1. vasiṣṭha uvāca ,
sāṁkhyadarśanametāvaduktaṁ te nṛpasattama ,
vidyāvidye tvidānīṁ me tvaṁ nibodhānupūrvaśaḥ.

1. vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca sāṃkhyadarśanam etāvat uktam te nṛpasattama
vidyā avidye tu idānīm me tvam nibodha anupūrvaśaḥ

1. vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca nṛpasattama te sāṃkhyadarśanam etāvat
uktam idānīm tu tvam me vidyā avidye anupūrvaśaḥ nibodha

1. Vasiṣṭha spoke: "O best of kings, thus far the Sāṃkhya system (darśana) has been explained to you. Now, listen to me as I systematically explain knowledge (vidyā) and ignorance (avidyā)."

Words meanings summery:

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said, stated

• सांख्यदर्शनम् (sāṁkhyadarśanam) - the Sāṃkhya philosophy/system

• एतावत् (etāvat) - up to this point in the discourse (thus far, so much, to this extent)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - explained or recounted (said, spoken, declared)

• ते (te) - to the king (listener) (to you)

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - a form of address to the king by the sage Vasiṣṭha (O best of kings, O most excellent among men)

• विद्या (vidyā) - spiritual knowledge, particularly of Puruṣa (knowledge, learning, science)

• अविद्ये (avidye) - ignorance (avidyā), here discussed as a pair with knowledge (vidyā) (ignorance, nescience (dual form for vidyā and avidyā))

• तु (tu) - marks a slight shift in topic to the explanation of vidyā and avidyā (but, however, indeed, now)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

• मे (me) - from me (Vasiṣṭha) (to me, from me, my)

• त्वम् (tvam) - the king (listener) (you)

• निबोध (nibodha) - listen to and understand (understand, learn, perceive, listen)

• अनुपूर्वशः (anupūrvaśaḥ) - in a systematic and orderly fashion (in due order, successively, systematically)

Words meanings and morphology

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage), most wealthy, best

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said, stated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सांख्यदर्शनम् (sāṁkhyadarśanam) - the Sāṃkhya philosophy/system

(noun)

neuter, singular of sāṃkhyadarśana

sāṁkhyadarśana - Sāṃkhya philosophy, the Sāṃkhya system

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāṃkhya+darśana)

• sāṃkhya – relating to number, enumeration; the Sāṃkhya philosophical school
  adjective/noun (neuter)
• darśana – seeing, view, doctrine, philosophy, system
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'dṛś' with suffix 'ana'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

एतावत् (etāvat) - up to this point in the discourse (thus far, so much, to this extent)

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - explained or recounted (said, spoken, declared)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

ते (te) - to the king (listener) (to you)

(pronoun)

singular of tvam

tvam - you

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - a form of address to the king by the sage Vasiṣṭha (O best of kings, O most excellent among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings, most excellent among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

विद्या (vidyā) - spiritual knowledge, particularly of Puruṣa (knowledge, learning, science)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge

Derived from root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

अविद्ये (avidye) - ignorance (avidyā), here discussed as a pair with knowledge (vidyā) (ignorance, nescience (dual form for vidyā and avidyā))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance

Compound type : na-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vidyā – knowledge, learning
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

तु (tu) - marks a slight shift in topic to the explanation of vidyā and avidyā (but, however, indeed, now)

(indeclinable)

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - from me (Vasiṣṭha) (to me, from me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

त्वम् (tvam) - the king (listener) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

निबोध (nibodha) - listen to and understand (understand, learn, perceive, listen)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

अनुपूर्वशः (anupūrvaśaḥ) - in a systematic and orderly fashion (in due order, successively, systematically)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'anupūrva' with taddhita suffix '-śaḥ'