महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-295, verse-46

बुद्धमप्रतिबुद्धं च बुध्यमानं च तत्त्वतः ।
बुध्यमानं च बुद्धं च प्राहुर्योगनिदर्शनम् ॥४६॥

46. buddhamapratibuddhaṁ ca budhyamānaṁ ca tattvataḥ ,
budhyamānaṁ ca buddhaṁ ca prāhuryoganidarśanam.

46. buddham apratibuddham ca budhyamānam ca tattvataḥ
budhyamānam ca buddham ca prāhuḥ yoganidarśanam

46. tattvataḥ buddham ca apratibuddham ca budhyamānam
ca budhyamānam ca buddham ca yoganidarśanam prāhuḥ

46. They declare that the understood (buddham), the not-understood (apratibuddham), and that which is in the process of being understood (budhyamānam)—all these states, in their true nature (tattvataḥ), encompassing both the ongoing process of understanding and the state of being understood—constitute the illustration of `yoga` (yoga).

Words meanings summery:

• बुद्धम् (buddham) - understood, awakened, enlightened

• अप्रतिबुद्धम् (apratibuddham) - not understood, unawakened, unenlightened

• च (ca) - and

• बुध्यमानम् (budhyamānam) - being understood, being awakened, in the process of understanding

• च (ca) - and

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in reality, essentially, in its true nature

• बुध्यमानम् (budhyamānam) - being understood, being awakened, in the process of understanding

• च (ca) - and

• बुद्धम् (buddham) - understood, awakened, enlightened

• च (ca) - and

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they proclaim

• योगनिदर्शनम् (yoganidarśanam) - illustration of `yoga`, example of `yoga`

Words meanings and morphology

बुद्धम् (buddham) - understood, awakened, enlightened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of buddha

buddha - awakened, enlightened, understood

Past Passive Participle

From √budh (to awaken, know)

Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to a state of understanding/awareness.

अप्रतिबुद्धम् (apratibuddham) - not understood, unawakened, unenlightened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apratibuddha

apratibuddha - not awakened, not understood

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix `a-` + `prati-` + √budh (to awaken, understand).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pratibuddha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• pratibuddha – awakened, understood, discerned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `prati-` (towards, against) + √budh (to awaken, know).
  Prefix: prati
  Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to a state of lacking understanding/awareness.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `apratibuddham` and `budhyamānam`.

बुध्यमानम् (budhyamānam) - being understood, being awakened, in the process of understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of budhyamāna

budhyamāna - being awakened, being understood

Present Passive Participle

From √budh (to awaken, know)

Root: √budh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `apratibuddham` and `budhyamānam`.

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in reality, essentially, in its true nature

(indeclinable)

From `tattva` (principle) + suffix `tas` (from, in respect of).

Note: Modifies the understanding.

बुध्यमानम् (budhyamānam) - being understood, being awakened, in the process of understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of budhyamāna

budhyamāna - being awakened, being understood

Present Passive Participle

From √budh (to awaken, know)

Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Repetition for emphasis or specific pairing.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `budhyamānam` and `buddham`.

बुद्धम् (buddham) - understood, awakened, enlightened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of buddha

buddha - awakened, enlightened, understood

Past Passive Participle

From √budh (to awaken, know)

Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Repetition for emphasis or specific pairing.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Concludes the list of states.

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they proclaim

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pra-√ah

Present active indicative

3rd person plural

Prefix: pra

Root: √ah (class 2)

Note: The subject is implied (e.g., 'the wise').

योगनिदर्शनम् (yoganidarśanam) - illustration of `yoga`, example of `yoga`

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yoganidarśana

yoganidarśana - illustration of `yoga`, manifestation of `yoga`

Compound of `yoga` (discipline) and `nidarśana` (illustration, example).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yoga+nidarśana)

• yoga – union, conjunction, application, discipline, effort
  noun (masculine)
  From √yuj (to join).
  Root: √yuj (class 7)
• nidarśana – illustration, example, demonstration
  noun (neuter)
  From `ni-` (down, in) + √dṛś (to see).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicate of the sentence.