महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-26, verse-4

इत्युक्तः प्रत्युवाचेदं व्यासो योगविदां वरः ।
युधिष्ठिरं महाप्राज्ञं धर्मज्ञो वेदपारगः ॥४॥

4. ityuktaḥ pratyuvācedaṁ vyāso yogavidāṁ varaḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ mahāprājñaṁ dharmajño vedapāragaḥ.

4. iti uktaḥ pratyuvāca idam vyāsaḥ yogavidām varaḥ
yudhiṣṭhiram mahāprājñam dharmajñaḥ vedapāragaḥ

4. iti uktaḥ yogavidām varaḥ dharmajñaḥ vedapāragaḥ
vyāsaḥ mahāprājñam yudhiṣṭhiram idam pratyuvāca

4. Thus addressed, Vyāsa, who was the best among those knowing spiritual discipline (yoga), the knower of natural law (dharma), and the master of the Vedas, replied this to Yudhiṣṭhira, the greatly wise.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (thus) (spoken, said, addressed)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (replied, spoke back)

• इदम् (idam) - this (message/statement) (this (thing), these (words))

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa

• योगविदाम् (yogavidām) - of those who know spiritual discipline (yoga) (of those who know yoga)

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, excellent, superior)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira

• महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - the greatly wise (greatly wise, very intelligent)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - the knower of natural law (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous)

• वेदपारगः (vedapāragaḥ) - the master of the Vedas (one who has mastered the Vedas, thoroughly versed in the Vedas)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (thus) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to Vyāsa, who was addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (replied, spoke back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular Perfect active of √vac with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (message/statement) (this (thing), these (words))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Refers to the following speech of Vyāsa.

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (a sage, also called Dvaipāyana)

योगविदाम् (yogavidām) - of those who know spiritual discipline (yoga) (of those who know yoga)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yogavid

yogavid - knowing yoga, skilled in yoga

Compound meaning "knower of yoga"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+vid)

• yoga – union, spiritual discipline
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• vid – knower, one who knows
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Governed by `varaḥ`.

वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, excellent, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, boon, choice

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `vyāsaḥ`.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira

Note: Object of `pratyuvāca` (the one to whom he replied).

महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - the greatly wise (greatly wise, very intelligent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound meaning "greatly wise"

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
  Often used as a prefix 'mahā-'
• prājña – wise, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pra-√jñā (to know well)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - the knower of natural law (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound meaning "knower of dharma"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Epithet of Vyāsa.

वेदपारगः (vedapāragaḥ) - the master of the Vedas (one who has mastered the Vedas, thoroughly versed in the Vedas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vedapāraga

vedapāraga - one who has gone to the other shore of the Vedas, thoroughly versed in the Vedas

Compound meaning "one who has crossed the Vedas"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+pāraga)

• veda – Veda (sacred knowledge)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• pāraga – one who has reached the other side, master
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound meaning "goer to the other shore", from pāra (other side) and ga (going, from √gam)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Epithet of Vyāsa.