महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-26, verse-12

नाकालतो भानुरुपैति योगं नाकालतोऽस्तं गिरिमभ्युपैति ।
नाकालतो वर्धते हीयते च चन्द्रः समुद्रश्च महोर्मिमाली ॥१२॥

12. nākālato bhānurupaiti yogaṁ; nākālato'staṁ girimabhyupaiti ,
nākālato vardhate hīyate ca; candraḥ samudraśca mahormimālī.

12. na ākālataḥ bhānuḥ upaiti yogam
na ākālataḥ astam girim abhyupaiti
na ākālataḥ vardhate hīyate ca
candraḥ samudraḥ ca mahormimālī

12. bhānuḥ ākālataḥ yogam na upaiti.
[bhānuḥ] ākālataḥ astam girim na abhyupaiti.
candraḥ ca mahormimālī samudraḥ ca ākālataḥ na vardhate ca na hīyate.

12. The sun does not rise (attain conjunction) untimely, nor does it set (approach the setting mountain) untimely. The moon and the ocean, adorned with great waves, do not grow or wane untimely.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• आकालतः (ākālataḥ) - untimely, out of season

• भानुः (bhānuḥ) - the sun

• उपैति (upaiti) - approaches, attains

• योगम् (yogam) - rising, appearing (conjunction, union, rising, appearing)

• न (na) - not

• आकालतः (ākālataḥ) - untimely, out of season

• अस्तम् (astam) - setting, disappearing (as an adverb)

• गिरिम् (girim) - mountain

• अभ्युपैति (abhyupaiti) - approaches, attains, reaches

• न (na) - not

• आकालतः (ākālataḥ) - untimely, out of season

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, increases

• हीयते (hīyate) - wanes, diminishes, loses

• च (ca) - and, also

• चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - the moon

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - the ocean

• च (ca) - and, also

• महोर्मिमाली (mahormimālī) - adorned with great waves

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आकालतः (ākālataḥ) - untimely, out of season

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'akāla' (untimely) with the suffix '-tas'.

भानुः (bhānuḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhānu

bhānu - sun, ray of light

उपैति (upaiti) - approaches, attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of upā

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

योगम् (yogam) - rising, appearing (conjunction, union, rising, appearing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, conjunction, discipline, effort

From root 'yuj' (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आकालतः (ākālataḥ) - untimely, out of season

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'akāla' (untimely) with the suffix '-tas'.

अस्तम् (astam) - setting, disappearing (as an adverb)

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially with verbs of going to mean 'to set' or 'to disappear'.

Note: Functions adverbially with abhyupaiti.

गिरिम् (girim) - mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Note: Refers to the mountain behind which the sun sets.

अभ्युपैति (abhyupaiti) - approaches, attains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of abhyupā

Prefixes: abhi+upa

Root: i (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आकालतः (ākālataḥ) - untimely, out of season

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'akāla' (untimely) with the suffix '-tas'.

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, increases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Can apply to both moon (waxing) and ocean (tides).

हीयते (hīyate) - wanes, diminishes, loses

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of hā

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Can apply to both moon (waning) and ocean (ebb).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: This 'ca' joins 'vardhate' and 'hīyate'.

चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon

Note: One of the subjects for 'vardhate' and 'hīyate'.

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - the ocean

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: One of the subjects for 'vardhate' and 'hīyate'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: This 'ca' joins 'candraḥ' and 'samudraḥ'.

महोर्मिमाली (mahormimālī) - adorned with great waves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahormimālin

mahormimālin - adorned with great waves

Bahuvrihi compound 'mahā-ūrmi-mālin'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ūrmi+mālin)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ūrmi – wave, billow
  noun (masculine)
• mālin – wearing a garland, adorned with a wreath/garland
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'mālā' (garland) + suffix '-in'.

Note: Modifies 'samudraḥ'.