महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-26, verse-22

दुःखमेवास्ति न सुखं तस्मात्तदुपलभ्यते ।
तृष्णार्तिप्रभवं दुःखं दुःखार्तिप्रभवं सुखम् ॥२२॥

22. duḥkhamevāsti na sukhaṁ tasmāttadupalabhyate ,
tṛṣṇārtiprabhavaṁ duḥkhaṁ duḥkhārtiprabhavaṁ sukham.

22. duḥkham eva asti na sukham tasmāt tat upalabhyate
tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhavam duḥkham duḥkha-arti-prabhavam sukham

22. duḥkham eva asti sukham na tasmāt tat upalabhyate
tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhavam duḥkham duḥkha-arti-prabhavam sukham

22. Sorrow (duḥkha) alone exists, not happiness (sukha). Therefore, sorrow is what is experienced. Sorrow originates from the distress of craving; happiness originates from the distress of sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, alone

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• न (na) - not, no

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• तत् (tat) - Referring to sorrow (duḥkha). (that, it)

• उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is obtained, is experienced

• तृष्णा-अर्ति-प्रभवम् (tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhavam) - arising from the pain/distress of craving

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

• दुःख-अर्ति-प्रभवम् (duḥkha-arti-prabhavam) - arising from the pain/distress of sorrow

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

Words meanings and morphology

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, alone

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active, 3rd Person Singular.

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - joy, happiness, pleasure, comfort

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, therefore

Note: Also functions as an indeclinable 'therefore'.

तत् (tat) - Referring to sorrow (duḥkha). (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is obtained, is experienced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of labh

Present Passive, 3rd Person Singular. Root labh (class 1, ātmanepada) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

तृष्णा-अर्ति-प्रभवम् (tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhavam) - arising from the pain/distress of craving

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhava

tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhava - originating from the pain of thirst/craving

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tṛṣṇā+arti+prabhava)

• tṛṣṇā – thirst, craving, desire
  noun (feminine)
• arti – pain, distress, suffering
  noun (feminine)
• prabhava – origin, source, arising from
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pra-bhū (to arise).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

दुःख-अर्ति-प्रभवम् (duḥkha-arti-prabhavam) - arising from the pain/distress of sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha-arti-prabhava

duḥkha-arti-prabhava - originating from the pain of sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+arti+prabhava)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• arti – pain, distress, suffering
  noun (feminine)
• prabhava – origin, source, arising from
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pra-bhū (to arise).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - joy, happiness, pleasure, comfort

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.