महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-26, verse-24

सुखमन्ते हि दुःखानां दुःखमन्ते सुखस्य च ।
तस्मादेतद्द्वयं जह्याद्य इच्छेच्छाश्वतं सुखम् ॥२४॥

24. sukhamante hi duḥkhānāṁ duḥkhamante sukhasya ca ,
tasmādetaddvayaṁ jahyādya icchecchāśvataṁ sukham.

24. sukham ante hi duḥkhānām duḥkham ante sukhasya ca
tasmāt etad dvayam jahyāt yaḥ icchet śāśvatam sukham

24. duḥkhānām ante sukham hi sukhasya ante duḥkham ca
tasmāt yaḥ śāśvatam sukham icchet etad dvayam jahyāt

24. Happiness (sukha) is indeed at the end of sorrows (duḥkha), and sorrow is at the end of happiness. Therefore, whoever desires eternal happiness should abandon this duality.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy

• अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• दुःखानाम् (duḥkhānām) - of sorrows, of sufferings

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

• अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end

• सुखस्य (sukhasya) - of happiness, of joy

• च (ca) - and

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• एतद् (etad) - this

• द्वयम् (dvayam) - Refers to the pair of sorrow and happiness. (pair, duality, two)

• जह्यात् (jahyāt) - one should abandon, one should give up

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• इच्छेत् (icchet) - should desire, wishes

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

Words meanings and morphology

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - joy, happiness, pleasure, comfort

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an emphatic particle here.

दुःखानाम् (duḥkhānām) - of sorrows, of sufferings

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary

सुखस्य (sukhasya) - of happiness, of joy

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - joy, happiness, pleasure, comfort

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, therefore

Note: Also functions as an indeclinable 'therefore'.

एतद् (etad) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

द्वयम् (dvayam) - Refers to the pair of sorrow and happiness. (pair, duality, two)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvaya

dvaya - pair, couple, duality, two

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

जह्यात् (jahyāt) - one should abandon, one should give up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hā

Optative Active, 3rd Person Singular. Root hā (class 3, parasmaipada).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: The implied subject is 'one' (janaḥ).

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Note: Relative pronoun.

इच्छेत् (icchet) - should desire, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of iṣ

Optative Active, 3rd Person Singular. Root iṣ (class 6, parasmaipada).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, everlasting

Note: Modifies `sukham`.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - joy, happiness, pleasure, comfort

Note: Also nominative singular neuter.