महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-215, verse-19

अनिष्टस्य हि निर्वृत्तिरनिवृत्तिः प्रियस्य च ।
लक्ष्यते यतमानानां पुरुषार्थस्ततः कुतः ॥१९॥

19. aniṣṭasya hi nirvṛttiranivṛttiḥ priyasya ca ,
lakṣyate yatamānānāṁ puruṣārthastataḥ kutaḥ.

19. aniṣṭasya hi nirvṛttiḥ anivṛttiḥ priyasya ca
lakṣyate yatamānānām puruṣārthaḥ tataḥ kutaḥ

19. hi yatamānānām aniṣṭasya nirvṛttiḥ ca priyasya
anivṛttiḥ lakṣyate tataḥ puruṣārthaḥ kutaḥ

19. Indeed, it is observed that for those who strive, undesirable outcomes often occur, and desired outcomes do not. If this is the case, then where is the value of human effort (puruṣārtha)?

Words meanings summery:

• अनिष्टस्य (aniṣṭasya) - of the undesired outcome (of the undesirable, of the unwanted)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• निर्वृत्तिः (nirvṛttiḥ) - occurrence, accomplishment (completion, accomplishment, attainment, occurrence)

• अनिवृत्तिः (anivṛttiḥ) - non-occurrence, non-accomplishment (non-accomplishment, non-cessation, non-occurrence)

• प्रियस्य (priyasya) - of the desirable (outcome) (of the beloved, of the dear, of the desirable)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed (is observed, is perceived, is aimed at)

• यतमानानाम् (yatamānānām) - of those who strive (of those striving, of those making effort)

• पुरुषार्थः (puruṣārthaḥ) - human effort (puruṣārtha) (human aim, purpose of human existence, human effort)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that (premise) (thence, from that, therefore)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (can there be)? (whence, from where, why, how)

Words meanings and morphology

अनिष्टस्य (aniṣṭasya) - of the undesired outcome (of the undesirable, of the unwanted)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesired, unwanted, harmful

Past Passive Participle

Negative particle 'an' + root 'iṣ' (to wish) + kta (past passive participle suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+iṣṭa)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, wished, sacrificed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'iṣ' (to wish/desire) with kta suffix.
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Used as a noun referring to 'the undesired (thing/outcome).'

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

निर्वृत्तिः (nirvṛttiḥ) - occurrence, accomplishment (completion, accomplishment, attainment, occurrence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirvṛtti

nirvṛtti - completion, accomplishment, attainment, occurrence, cessation

From root 'vṛt' with upasarga 'nir'.

Prefix: nir

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनिवृत्तिः (anivṛttiḥ) - non-occurrence, non-accomplishment (non-accomplishment, non-cessation, non-occurrence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anivṛtti

anivṛtti - non-accomplishment, non-cessation, non-occurrence

Negative particle 'an' + 'nivṛtti'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+nivṛtti)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nivṛtti – cessation, retirement, accomplishment, occurrence
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'vṛt' with upasarga 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

प्रियस्य (priyasya) - of the desirable (outcome) (of the beloved, of the dear, of the desirable)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, desirable, pleasing

Note: Used as a noun referring to 'the desirable (thing/outcome).'

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed (is observed, is perceived, is aimed at)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice

From root 'lakṣ' (class 10, also class 1) in passive voice.

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

यतमानानाम् (yatamānānām) - of those who strive (of those striving, of those making effort)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, making effort

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

From root 'yat' (to strive) with śānac suffix.

Root: yat (class 1)

पुरुषार्थः (puruṣārthaḥ) - human effort (puruṣārtha) (human aim, purpose of human existence, human effort)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣārtha

puruṣārtha - human aim, purpose of human existence, human effort, goal of man (dharma, artha, kāma, mokṣa)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+artha)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, spirit (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

ततः (tataḥ) - from that (premise) (thence, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (can there be)? (whence, from where, why, how)

(indeclinable)