महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-202, verse-27

ततो देवगणाः सर्वे पितामहमुपाब्रुवन् ।
नादोऽयं कीदृशो देव नैनं विद्म वयं विभो ।
कोऽसौ हि कस्य वा नादो येन विह्वलितं जगत् ॥२७॥

27. tato devagaṇāḥ sarve pitāmahamupābruvan ,
nādo'yaṁ kīdṛśo deva nainaṁ vidma vayaṁ vibho ,
ko'sau hi kasya vā nādo yena vihvalitaṁ jagat.

27. tataḥ deva-gaṇāḥ sarve pitāmaham
upābravan nādaḥ ayam kīdṛśaḥ deva na
enam vidma vayam vibho kaḥ asau hi
kasya vā nādaḥ yena vihvalitam jagat

27. tataḥ sarve deva-gaṇāḥ pitāmaham
upābravan deva vibho ayam nādaḥ kīdṛśaḥ
enam vayam na vidma hi saḥ kaḥ vā
kasya nādaḥ yena jagat vihvalitam

27. Then all the hosts of gods approached Pitāmaha (Brahmā) and spoke: "O Lord, what kind of sound is this? O all-pervading one, we do not know it. Who indeed is he, or whose is this sound by which the world has become agitated?"

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• देव-गणाः (deva-gaṇāḥ) - the hosts of gods (hosts of gods, groups of deities)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - to Pitāmaha (Brahmā) (to the great father, to Brahmā)

• उपाब्रवन् (upābravan) - approached and spoke (they spoke to, they addressed, they approached)

• नादः (nādaḥ) - sound (sound, roar)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this, he)

• कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind of (of what kind, what sort of)

• देव (deva) - O Lord (O god, O lord)

• न (na) - not

• एनम् (enam) - it (him, it)

• विद्म (vidma) - we know

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• विभो (vibho) - O all-pervading one (O all-pervading one, O lord)

• कः (kaḥ) - Who (who?)

• असौ (asau) - he (he, that (remote))

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of what)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• नादः (nādaḥ) - sound (sound, roar)

• येन (yena) - by which (by whom, by which)

• विह्वलितम् (vihvalitam) - has become agitated (agitated, disturbed, bewildered)

• जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, moving)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' with suffix 'tas'

देव-गणाः (deva-gaṇāḥ) - the hosts of gods (hosts of gods, groups of deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva-gaṇa

deva-gaṇa - host of gods, assembly of deities

Compound of 'deva' (god) and 'gaṇa' (host, group)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'div' (to shine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• gaṇa – group, host, assembly, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'upābravan'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'deva-gaṇāḥ'.

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - to Pitāmaha (Brahmā) (to the great father, to Brahmā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - great father, grandfather, an epithet of Brahmā

Compound of 'pitṛ' (father) and 'maha' (great) or derived from 'pitāmaha' as a base.

Note: Object of 'upābravan'.

उपाब्रवन् (upābravan) - approached and spoke (they spoke to, they addressed, they approached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

From root 'brū' (to speak) with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: brū (class 2)

नादः (nādaḥ) - sound (sound, roar)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāda

nāda - sound, roar, cry

From root 'nad' (to sound)

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Subject of the direct speech.

अयम् (ayam) - this (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it (proximate)

कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind of (of what kind, what sort of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what appearance, of what kind or sort

From interrogative 'kim' and 'dṛś' (to see)

Note: Agrees with 'nādaḥ'.

देव (deva) - O Lord (O god, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, lord

From root 'div' (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'vidma'.

एनम् (enam) - it (him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (anaphoric pronoun)

Note: Object of 'vidma'.

विद्म (vidma) - we know

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of vid

Present tense, 1st person plural, active voice

Root 'vid' (second conjugation for 'to know')

Root: vid (class 2)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'vidma'.

विभो (vibho) - O all-pervading one (O all-pervading one, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, powerful, lord, master

From 'vi' + 'bhū' (to be)

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - Who (who?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

असौ (asau) - he (he, that (remote))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, he, she, it (remote)

Demonstrative pronoun

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing emphasis or cause.

कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of what)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

Note: Agrees with 'nādaḥ'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects two questions.

नादः (nādaḥ) - sound (sound, roar)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāda

nāda - sound, roar, cry

From root 'nad' (to sound)

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second question.

येन (yena) - by which (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'vihvalitam'.

विह्वलितम् (vihvalitam) - has become agitated (agitated, disturbed, bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vihvalita

vihvalita - agitated, disturbed, bewildered, trembling

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'hval' (to shake, stumble) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, moving)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, anything that moves

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'gam' (to go) used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vihvalitam'.