महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-202, verse-11

अथादितेयाः संत्रस्ता ब्रह्माणमिदमब्रुवन् ।
कथं शक्यामहे ब्रह्मन्दानवैरुपमर्दनम् ॥११॥

11. athāditeyāḥ saṁtrastā brahmāṇamidamabruvan ,
kathaṁ śakyāmahe brahmandānavairupamardanam.

11. atha āditeyāḥ santrastāḥ brahmāṇam idam abruvan
katham śakyāmahe brahman dānavaiḥ upamardanam

11. atha santrastāḥ āditeyāḥ idam brahmāṇam abruvan
brahman katham dānavaiḥ upamardanam śakyāmahe

11. Then the terrified sons of Aditi (āditeyāḥ) said this to Brahmā: 'O Brahmā, how can we endure this oppression by the demons?'

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• आदितेयाः (āditeyāḥ) - the sons of Aditi, the gods

• सन्त्रस्ताः (santrastāḥ) - terrified, frightened

• ब्रह्माणम् (brahmāṇam) - to Brahmā

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said, they spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• शक्यामहे (śakyāmahe) - can we be able, are we able

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmā

• दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by the demons

• उपमर्दनम् (upamardanam) - oppression, crushing, harassment

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

आदितेयाः (āditeyāḥ) - the sons of Aditi, the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āditeya

āditeya - son of Aditi, a god

सन्त्रस्ताः (santrastāḥ) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of santrasta

santrasta - terrified, frightened, trembling

Past Passive Participle

From root √tras (to tremble, be terrified) with upasarga sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: √tras (class 1)

ब्रह्माणम् (brahmāṇam) - to Brahmā

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - the creator god Brahmā

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of √brū

Root verb, class 2 (adādi), parasmaipada form.

Root: √brū (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

शक्यामहे (śakyāmahe) - can we be able, are we able

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (Laṭ) of √śak

Root verb, class 5 (svādi), ātmanepada form.

Root: √śak (class 5)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmā

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - the creator god Brahmā

दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by the demons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - demon, son of Danu

उपमर्दनम् (upamardanam) - oppression, crushing, harassment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upamardana

upamardana - oppression, crushing, destruction, harassment

Noun derived from root √mṛd (to crush) with upasarga upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: √mṛd (class 9)