महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-18, verse-25

जातवेदा यथा राजन्नादग्ध्वैवोपशाम्यति ।
सदैव याचमानो वै तथा शाम्यति न द्विजः ॥२५॥

25. jātavedā yathā rājannādagdhvaivopaśāmyati ,
sadaiva yācamāno vai tathā śāmyati na dvijaḥ.

25. jātavedāḥ yathā rājan adagdhvā eva upaśāmyati |
sadā eva yācamānaḥ vai tathā śāmyati na dvijaḥ

25. rājan yathā jātavedāḥ adagdhvā eva upaśāmyati
tathā sadā eva yācamānaḥ dvijaḥ vai na śāmyati

25. Just as fire (jātavedas), O King, subsides without having consumed everything, so too, a Brahmin (dvija) who is always begging never becomes quiet (or satisfied).

Words meanings summery:

• जातवेदाः (jātavedāḥ) - fire, Agni (the god of fire)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• अदग्ध्वा (adagdhvā) - without having burned (completely)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

• उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - subsides, becomes quiet, ceases

• सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

• याचमानः (yācamānaḥ) - one who is begging/asking

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• शाम्यति (śāmyati) - becomes quiet, subsides, is satisfied

• न (na) - not, no

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a Brahmin, a twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

जातवेदाः (jātavedāḥ) - fire, Agni (the god of fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātavedas

jātavedas - fire, Agni, one who knows all born things or all created beings

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अदग्ध्वा (adagdhvā) - without having burned (completely)

(indeclinable)

Negative Gerund

Compound of the negative prefix 'a-' and the gerund 'dagdhvā' (having burned) from the root √dah (to burn).

Compound type : praadi (a+dagdhvā)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
• dagdhvā – having burned, after burning
  indeclinable
  Gerund/Absolutive
  Derived from the root √dah (to burn) with the suffix -tvā.
  Root: dah (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

(indeclinable)

उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - subsides, becomes quiet, ceases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of upaśam

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)

सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

(indeclinable)

याचमानः (yācamānaḥ) - one who is begging/asking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yācamāna

yācamāna - begging, asking, requesting

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √yāc (to ask, beg) with the middle voice (ātmanepada) ending -māna.

Root: yāc (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

शाम्यति (śāmyati) - becomes quiet, subsides, is satisfied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of śam

Root: śam (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a Brahmin, a twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)