महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-18, verse-2

कथयन्ति पुरावृत्तमितिहासमिमं जनाः ।
विदेहराज्ञः संवादं भार्यया सह भारत ॥२॥

2. kathayanti purāvṛttamitihāsamimaṁ janāḥ ,
videharājñaḥ saṁvādaṁ bhāryayā saha bhārata.

2. kathayanti purāvṛttam itihāsam imam janāḥ
videharājñaḥ saṃvādam bhāryayā saha bhārata

2. bhārata,
janāḥ imam purāvṛttam itihāsam videharājñaḥ bhāryayā saha saṃvādam kathayanti.

2. O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata), people narrate this ancient story, the dialogue of the king of Videha with his wife.

Words meanings summery:

• कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they narrate, they tell

• पुरावृत्तम् (purāvṛttam) - ancient event, old story, past occurrence

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - history, legend, story

• इमम् (imam) - this

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

• विदेहराज्ञः (videharājñaḥ) - of the king of Videha

• संवादम् (saṁvādam) - dialogue, conversation

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with wife, by wife

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they narrate, they tell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kath

From root 'kath' in the 10th class (katha-), or a denominative from 'kathā' (story).

Root: kath (class 10)

पुरावृत्तम् (purāvṛttam) - ancient event, old story, past occurrence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purāvṛtta

purāvṛtta - old event, ancient story, past occurrence

Compound of 'purā' (formerly, anciently) and 'vṛtta' (occurred, event).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (purā+vṛtta)

• purā – formerly, in ancient times, before
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – occurred, happened, event, conduct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective to 'itihāsam'.

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - history, legend, story

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, tradition, epic (literally 'so it was')

From 'iti' (thus) + 'ha' (indeed) + 'āsa' (it was, from root as)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to the story being narrated.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'itihāsam'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, creature, folk

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'kathayanti'.

विदेहराज्ञः (videharājñaḥ) - of the king of Videha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of videharājan

videharājan - king of Videha (a country in ancient India)

Compound of 'Videha' (name of a country) and 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (videha+rājan)

• videha – Videha (name of a country or its inhabitants)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the king who is the subject of the dialogue.

संवादम् (saṁvādam) - dialogue, conversation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvāda

saṁvāda - dialogue, conversation, discourse, agreement

From root 'vad' (to speak) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kathayanti'.

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with wife, by wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, spouse

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, to support) + NyaT suffix, meaning 'one to be supported/maintained'

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, related to India

Derived from 'Bharata' (name of an ancient king or sage)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (or Janamejaya, depending on context of Mahabharata narration).