महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-18, verse-24

सदैव याचमानेषु सत्सु दम्भविवर्जिषु ।
एतेषु दक्षिणा दत्ता दावाग्नाविव दुर्हुतम् ॥२४॥

24. sadaiva yācamāneṣu satsu dambhavivarjiṣu ,
eteṣu dakṣiṇā dattā dāvāgnāviva durhutam.

24. sadā eva yācamāneṣu satsu dambha-vivarjiṣu
eteṣu dakṣiṇā dattā dāvāgnau iva durhutam

24. sadā eva yācamāneṣu satsu dambha-vivarjiṣu
eteṣu dattā dakṣiṇā dāvāgnau iva durhutam

24. A donation (dakṣiṇā) given to good people, free from hypocrisy, who are constantly requesting, is like an oblation offered ineffectively into a forest fire.

Words meanings summery:

• सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

• याचमानेषु (yācamāneṣu) - among those who are begging/asking

• सत्सु (satsu) - among the good people (among the good, among the pious, among the existing ones)

• दम्भ-विवर्जिषु (dambha-vivarjiṣu) - among those devoid of hypocrisy, among those free from deceit

• एतेषु (eteṣu) - among these

• दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - donation, sacrificial fee, gift

• दत्ता (dattā) - given, offered

• दावाग्नौ (dāvāgnau) - in a forest fire

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दुर्हुतम् (durhutam) - ineffectively consumed, without proper benefit (badly offered, ill-offered, ineffectively consumed)

Words meanings and morphology

सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

(indeclinable)

याचमानेषु (yācamāneṣu) - among those who are begging/asking

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of yācamāna

yācamāna - begging, asking, requesting

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √yāc (to ask, beg) with the middle voice (ātmanepada) ending -māna.

Root: yāc (class 1)

सत्सु (satsu) - among the good people (among the good, among the pious, among the existing ones)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √as (to be) with the active voice ending -at. Also functions as a noun 'good person'.

Root: as (class 2)

दम्भ-विवर्जिषु (dambha-vivarjiṣu) - among those devoid of hypocrisy, among those free from deceit

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of dambhavarjita

dambhavarjita - devoid of hypocrisy, free from deceit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dambha+varjita)

• dambha – hypocrisy, deceit, ostentation
  noun (masculine)
• varjita – avoided, abandoned, excluded, devoid of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √vṛj (to avoid, abandon) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛj (class 10)

एतेषु (eteṣu) - among these

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - donation, sacrificial fee, gift

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - donation, sacrificial fee, gift, reward; south, right (side)

दत्ता (dattā) - given, offered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered, placed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

दावाग्नौ (dāvāgnau) - in a forest fire

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dāvāgni

dāvāgni - forest fire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāva+agni)

• dāva – forest, conflagration, forest fire
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दुर्हुतम् (durhutam) - ineffectively consumed, without proper benefit (badly offered, ill-offered, ineffectively consumed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durhuta

durhuta - badly offered, ill-sacrificed, poorly presented

Past Passive Participle

Compound of the prefix dur- (bad, difficult) and huta (offered, sacrificed) from √hu (to offer).

Compound type : praadi (dur+huta)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• huta – offered, sacrificed, cast into fire
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √hu (to offer, sacrifice).
  Root: hu (class 3)