महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-154, verse-6

धर्मस्य विधयो नैके ते ते प्रोक्ता महर्षिभिः ।
स्वं स्वं विज्ञानमाश्रित्य दमस्तेषां परायणम् ॥६॥

6. dharmasya vidhayo naike te te proktā maharṣibhiḥ ,
svaṁ svaṁ vijñānamāśritya damasteṣāṁ parāyaṇam.

6. dharmasya vidhayaḥ na eke te te proktāḥ maharṣibhiḥ
svam svam vijñānam āśritya damaḥ teṣām parāyaṇam

6. dharmasya na eke vidhayaḥ (santīti).
te te maharṣibhiḥ svam svam vijñānam āśritya proktāḥ.
damaḥ teṣām parāyaṇam (asti).

6. The injunctions concerning natural law (dharma) are many; they have been declared by great sages, each according to their own understanding. Among them, however, self-control (dama) is the supreme principle.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma). (of dharma, of law, of duty, of constitution)

• विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - injunctions or rules. (rules, ordinances, injunctions, methods)

• न (na) - not (in 'not singular' or 'many'). (not, no)

• एके (eke) - singular (in 'not singular', hence 'many'). (one, singular, some)

• ते (te) - those (referring to the rules/injunctions). (those, they)

• ते (te) - those (referring to the rules/injunctions). (those, they)

• प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared by the great sages. (declared, stated, proclaimed)

• महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by great sages. (by great sages)

• स्वम् (svam) - their own (referring to each sage's). (one's own, his own)

• स्वम् (svam) - their own (referring to each sage's). (one's own, his own)

• विज्ञानम् (vijñānam) - understanding or discernment. (understanding, knowledge, discernment)

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying on or based on. (having resorted to, having relied upon, based on)

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (dama). (self-control, restraint, subjugation)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for all of them (referring to the injunctions/teachings). (of them, their)

• परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - the supreme principle or ultimate goal. (ultimate goal, supreme refuge, highest principle)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma). (of dharma, of law, of duty, of constitution)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness, religion

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - injunctions or rules. (rules, ordinances, injunctions, methods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, method, destiny, ordinance

Derived from √dhā (to place, arrange) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - not (in 'not singular' or 'many'). (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एके (eke) - singular (in 'not singular', hence 'many'). (one, singular, some)

(numeral)

Note: Here, used in the sense of 'a single kind' or 'uniform'.

ते (te) - those (referring to the rules/injunctions). (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Repetition 'te te' emphasizes 'each one' or 'various'.

ते (te) - those (referring to the rules/injunctions). (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Repetition 'te te' emphasizes 'each one' or 'various'.

प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared by the great sages. (declared, stated, proclaimed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pra-vac

prokta - declared, stated, said, proclaimed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak) with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Often acts like a verb in passive constructions.

महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by great sages. (by great sages)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

स्वम् (svam) - their own (referring to each sage's). (one's own, his own)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, personal, property

Note: Repetition 'svam svam' emphasizes 'each his own'.

स्वम् (svam) - their own (referring to each sage's). (one's own, his own)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, personal, property

Note: Repetition 'svam svam' emphasizes 'each his own'.

विज्ञानम् (vijñānam) - understanding or discernment. (understanding, knowledge, discernment)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vijñāna

vijñāna - understanding, discernment, knowledge, wisdom, science

Derived from root √jñā (to know) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying on or based on. (having resorted to, having relied upon, based on)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) with prefix

Derived from root √śri (to resort to, lean on) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix -tya.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Often indicates the condition or basis for the main action.

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (dama). (self-control, restraint, subjugation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, mastery, taming

Derived from root √dam (to tame, control).

Root: dam (class 4)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for all of them (referring to the injunctions/teachings). (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'vidhayaḥ' (injunctions) or implicitly 'maharṣibhiḥ' (sages) and their teachings.

परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - the supreme principle or ultimate goal. (ultimate goal, supreme refuge, highest principle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāyaṇṇa

parāyaṇa - chief aim, ultimate resort, principal object, supreme goal

Compound: para (supreme) + ayana (going, course, resort).

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+ayana)

• para – supreme, highest, ultimate, other
  adjective
• ayana – going, course, path, refuge, resort
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √i (to go).
  Root: i (class 2)