महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-154, verse-21

सर्वा ग्राम्यास्तथारण्या याश्च लोके प्रवृत्तयः ।
निन्दां चैव प्रशंसां च यो नाश्रयति मुच्यते ॥२१॥

21. sarvā grāmyāstathāraṇyā yāśca loke pravṛttayaḥ ,
nindāṁ caiva praśaṁsāṁ ca yo nāśrayati mucyate.

21. sarvāḥ grāmyāḥ tathā āraṇyāḥ yāḥ ca loke pravṛttayaḥ
nindām ca eva praśaṃsām ca yaḥ na āśrayati mucyate

21. yaḥ nindām ca eva praśaṃsām ca na āśrayati (saḥ) sarvāḥ
grāmyāḥ tathā āraṇyāḥ yāḥ ca loke pravṛttayaḥ mucyate

21. Whoever does not cling to either blame or praise, is liberated (mokṣa) from all activities and inclinations in the world, whether rural or forest-based.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• ग्राम्याः (grāmyāḥ) - rural, rustic, pertaining to villages

• तथा (tathā) - and (and, thus, so also)

• आरण्याः (āraṇyāḥ) - forest-dwelling, wild, pertaining to forests

• याः (yāḥ) - which (feminine plural nominative)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, in a place)

• प्रवृत्तयः (pravṛttayaḥ) - activities and inclinations (activities, inclinations, tendencies, pursuits, occurrences)

• निन्दाम् (nindām) - blame, criticism, censure

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

• प्रशंसाम् (praśaṁsām) - praise, commendation, eulogy

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever (masculine singular nominative))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आश्रयति (āśrayati) - clings to, relies on (takes refuge in, relies on, seeks, depends on)

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated (mokṣa) (is liberated, is released)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with pravṛttayaḥ.

ग्राम्याः (grāmyāḥ) - rural, rustic, pertaining to villages

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of grāmya

grāmya - rural, rustic, domestic, pertaining to villages or common people

Derived from grāma (village) + -ya (suffix forming adjectives)

तथा (tathā) - and (and, thus, so also)

(indeclinable)

आरण्याः (āraṇyāḥ) - forest-dwelling, wild, pertaining to forests

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āraṇya

āraṇya - forest-dwelling, wild, pertaining to forests, savage

Derived from araṇya (forest) + -a (suffix forming adjectives)

याः (yāḥ) - which (feminine plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to pravṛttayaḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, in a place)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, common practice

प्रवृत्तयः (pravṛttayaḥ) - activities and inclinations (activities, inclinations, tendencies, pursuits, occurrences)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, inclination, tendency, pursuit, manifestation, engagement

Derived from pra-√vṛt (to turn forward, proceed)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

निन्दाम् (nindām) - blame, criticism, censure

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nindā

nindā - blame, criticism, censure, reproach

From root √nind (to blame)

Root: nind (class 1)

Note: Object of āśrayati.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis

प्रशंसाम् (praśaṁsām) - praise, commendation, eulogy

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of praśaṃsā

praśaṁsā - praise, commendation, eulogy, approval

From pra-√śaṃs (to praise)

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Object of āśrayati.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of āśrayati and mucyate.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

आश्रयति (āśrayati) - clings to, relies on (takes refuge in, relies on, seeks, depends on)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āśri

Present active indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Takes accusative objects (nindām, praśaṃsām).

मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated (mokṣa) (is liberated, is released)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present passive indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice. From root √muc.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: This is the consequence for 'yaḥ'.