महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-154, verse-11

प्रेत्य चापि मनुष्येन्द्र परमं विन्दते सुखम् ।
दमेन हि समायुक्तो महान्तं धर्ममश्नुते ॥११॥

11. pretya cāpi manuṣyendra paramaṁ vindate sukham ,
damena hi samāyukto mahāntaṁ dharmamaśnute.

11. pretya ca api manuṣyendra paramam vindate sukham
| damena hi samāyuktaḥ mahāntam dharmam aśnute

11. manuṣyendra,
pretya ca api paramam sukham vindate hi damena samāyuktaḥ (naraḥ) mahāntam dharmam aśnute

11. And after death, O king of men, one also obtains supreme happiness. Indeed, he who is endowed with self-restraint (dama) attains a great righteousness (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - having departed, after death, having gone forth

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O king of men, O chief of men

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• विन्दते (vindate) - obtains, finds, gets

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfort

• दमेन (damena) - by self-restraint, by self-control

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

• समायुक्तः (samāyuktaḥ) - well-joined, completely endowed with, united with

• महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great, mighty, extensive

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - obtains, reaches, enjoys, pervades

Words meanings and morphology

प्रेत्य (pretya) - having departed, after death, having gone forth

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root i (to go) + prefix pra + suffix -tvā / -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or additive particle.

मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O king of men, O chief of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of manuṣyendra

manuṣyendra - king of men, chief of men

Compound: manuṣya (man) + indra (chief/king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuṣya+indra)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing a king or a prominent person.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - highest, supreme, ultimate, other, next

विन्दते (vindate) - obtains, finds, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

From root vid (6P), Atmanepada form

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Atmanepada (middle voice) verb form.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfort

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort

दमेन (damena) - by self-restraint, by self-control

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-restraint, self-control, subjugation, taming

Root: dam (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

(indeclinable)

समायुक्तः (samāyuktaḥ) - well-joined, completely endowed with, united with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāyukta

samāyukta - well-joined, completely endowed with, united with

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join) + prefixes sam-ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great, mighty, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, supreme

Present active participle of root 'mah' (to be great), often used as an independent adjective. Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'dharmam'.

Root: mah (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'aśnute'.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - obtains, reaches, enjoys, pervades

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

From root aś (5Ā), Atmanepada form

Root: aś (class 5)