महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-154, verse-10

दमेन सदृशं धर्मं नान्यं लोकेषु शुश्रुम ।
दमो हि परमो लोके प्रशस्तः सर्वधर्मिणाम् ॥१०॥

10. damena sadṛśaṁ dharmaṁ nānyaṁ lokeṣu śuśruma ,
damo hi paramo loke praśastaḥ sarvadharmiṇām.

10. damena sadṛśam dharmam na anyam lokeṣu śuśruma
| damaḥ hi paramaḥ loke praśastaḥ sarvadharmiṇām

10. vayam lokeṣu damena sadṛśam anyam dharmam na śuśruma
hi damaḥ loke paramaḥ sarvadharmiṇām praśastaḥ (asti)

10. We have not heard of any other intrinsic nature (dharma) in the world that is comparable to self-restraint (dama). Indeed, self-restraint (dama) is supreme in the world and is highly praised among all those who practice their duties (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• दमेन (damena) - by self-restraint, by self-control

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like, resembling

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

• शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint, self-control

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

• परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• प्रशस्तः (praśastaḥ) - praised, excellent, commendable

• सर्वधर्मिणाम् (sarvadharmiṇām) - of all who uphold (dharma), among all practitioners of (dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

दमेन (damena) - by self-restraint, by self-control

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-restraint, self-control, subjugation, taming

Root: dam (class 4)

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like, resembling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling

Compound: sa (with) + dṛś (to see) + a (suffix). Lit: 'that which appears similar'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sa+dṛśa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dṛśa – seeing, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  From root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'na śuśruma'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of śru

Perfect tense

Root śru (5P), perfect active 1st person plural

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: The implied subject is 'we'.

दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint, self-control

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-restraint, self-control, subjugation, taming

Root: dam (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

(indeclinable)

परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - highest, supreme, ultimate, other, next

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

प्रशस्तः (praśastaḥ) - praised, excellent, commendable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praśasta

praśasta - praised, excellent, commendable

Past Passive Participle

From root śaṃs (to praise) + prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

सर्वधर्मिणाम् (sarvadharmiṇām) - of all who uphold (dharma), among all practitioners of (dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadharmin

sarvadharmin - one who upholds all duties/righteousness, one who practices all (dharma)

Compound: sarva (all) + dharmin (one who possesses dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dharmin)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• dharmin – one who has/possesses dharma, righteous, dutiful
  adjective (masculine)
  From dharma + in (suffix for possessor)

Note: Denotes the group 'among whom' something is praised.