महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-140, verse-9

पार्श्वतःकरणं प्रज्ञा विषूची त्वापगा इव ।
जनस्तूच्चारितं धर्मं विजानात्यन्यथान्यथा ॥९॥

9. pārśvataḥkaraṇaṁ prajñā viṣūcī tvāpagā iva ,
janastūccāritaṁ dharmaṁ vijānātyanyathānyathā.

9. pārśvataḥkaraṇam prajñā viṣūcī tu āpagāḥ iva janaḥ
tu uccāritam dharmam vijānāti anyathā anyathā

9. prajñā pārśvataḥkaraṇam viṣūcī āpagāḥ iva janaḥ
tu uccāritam dharmam anyathā anyathā vijānāti

9. A distorted intellect (prajñā) is like rivers flowing in divergent paths. Consequently, people understand the declared `dharma` (natural law) in various and conflicting ways.

Words meanings summery:

• पार्श्वतःकरणम् (pārśvataḥkaraṇam) - distortion, deviation (of intellect) (making crooked, turning aside, distorting, causing deviation)

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - intellect, understanding (wisdom, intellect, understanding, discernment)

• विषूची (viṣūcī) - divergent, going in different directions (diverse, various, widespread, divergent, going in different directions)

• तु (tu) - indeed, however (linking the two parts of the simile) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• आपगाः (āpagāḥ) - rivers

• इव (iva) - like, as (introduces a simile) (like, as, as if)

• जनः (janaḥ) - people, individuals (person, people, mankind)

• तु (tu) - consequently, thus (but, however, indeed, on the other hand, consequently)

• उच्चारितम् (uccāritam) - declared, promulgated (spoken, uttered, declared, promulgated)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - `dharma` (natural law, constitutional principles) (`dharma`, righteousness, law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature)

• विजानाति (vijānāti) - understands, interprets (knows, understands, discerns, recognizes)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - in different ways (otherwise, differently, in another way)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - in conflicting ways (repetition for emphasis) (otherwise, differently, in another way)

Words meanings and morphology

पार्श्वतःकरणम् (pārśvataḥkaraṇam) - distortion, deviation (of intellect) (making crooked, turning aside, distorting, causing deviation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pārśvataḥkaraṇa

pārśvataḥkaraṇa - making crooked, turning aside, distorting, causing deviation

Derived from pārśvataḥ (from the side, crookedly) and karaṇa (making).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārśvataḥ+karaṇa)

• pārśvataḥ – from the side, on the side, crookedly, indirectly
  indeclinable
  Derived from pārśva (side) with the tas suffix.
• karaṇa – making, doing, cause, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  Derived from root kṛ with ana suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative to prajñā, implying "is a distortion".

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - intellect, understanding (wisdom, intellect, understanding, discernment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intellect, understanding, discernment, insight

Derived from pra-jñā (to know well).

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

विषूची (viṣūcī) - divergent, going in different directions (diverse, various, widespread, divergent, going in different directions)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viṣūc

viṣūc - divergent, various, widespread, going in different directions

Derived from vi (apart) + añc (to go, move).

Prefix: vi

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies āpagāḥ, forming part of the simile.

तु (tu) - indeed, however (linking the two parts of the simile) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

आपगाः (āpagāḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpagā

āpagā - river, stream

Derived from āp (water) + gam (to go) or from āpa (water) + gā (going).

Note: Part of the simile: "like rivers".

इव (iva) - like, as (introduces a simile) (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

जनः (janaḥ) - people, individuals (person, people, mankind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - man, person, people, race, creature

Derived from root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तु (tu) - consequently, thus (but, however, indeed, on the other hand, consequently)

(indeclinable)

उच्चारितम् (uccāritam) - declared, promulgated (spoken, uttered, declared, promulgated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uccārita

uccārita - spoken, uttered, declared, pronounced, promulgated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root car (to move, utter) with prefix ud (up) and ā (towards) and suffix ita.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, agrees with dharmam.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - `dharma` (natural law, constitutional principles) (`dharma`, righteousness, law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - `dharma`, righteousness, law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, proper conduct

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of vijānāti.

विजानाति (vijānāti) - understands, interprets (knows, understands, discerns, recognizes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vijñā

Present active indicative

Root jñā with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Verb of the second clause.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - in different ways (otherwise, differently, in another way)

(indeclinable)

Derived from anya (other) with thā suffix.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - in conflicting ways (repetition for emphasis) (otherwise, differently, in another way)

(indeclinable)

Derived from anya (other) with thā suffix.

Note: Repetition emphasizes variety or contradiction.