महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-140, verse-5

बुद्धिसंजननं राज्ञां धर्ममाचरतां सदा ।
जयो भवति कौरव्य तदा तद्विद्धि मे वचः ॥५॥

5. buddhisaṁjananaṁ rājñāṁ dharmamācaratāṁ sadā ,
jayo bhavati kauravya tadā tadviddhi me vacaḥ.

5. buddhi-sañjananam rājñām dharmam ācaratām sadā
jayaḥ bhavati kauravya tadā tat viddhi me vacaḥ

5. kauravya sadā dharmam ācaratām rājñām buddhi-sañjananam
jayaḥ bhavati tadā tat me vacaḥ viddhi

5. O Kauravya, for kings who always practice their natural law (dharma), the cultivation of intellect brings victory. Therefore, understand this as my word.

Words meanings summery:

• बुद्धि-सञ्जननम् (buddhi-sañjananam) - generation of intelligence, cultivation of intellect

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, for kings

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• आचरताम् (ācaratām) - of those who are practicing (dharma) (of those practicing, of those acting)

• सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

• भवति (bhavati) - brings (as in "victory occurs/is") (becomes, happens, is)

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru

• तदा (tadā) - therefore (then, at that time, therefore)

• तत् (tat) - this (referring to the previous statement) (that, this)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - understand (know, understand)

• मे (me) - my (my, of me)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - statement (word, speech, statement)

Words meanings and morphology

बुद्धि-सञ्जननम् (buddhi-sañjananam) - generation of intelligence, cultivation of intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of buddhi-sañjanana

buddhi-sañjanana - generation of intelligence, cultivation of intellect

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddhi+sañjanana)

• buddhi – intelligence, intellect, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• sañjanana – producing, generating, causing
  noun (neuter)
  derived from "jan" (to be born) with prefix "sam"
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, for kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Relates to the kings for whom the action takes place.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle ācaratām.

आचरताम् (ācaratām) - of those who are practicing (dharma) (of those practicing, of those acting)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ācarat

ācarat - practicing, acting, observing

present active participle

derived from verb "ā-car" (to practice, to act)

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājñām.

सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial indeclinable modifying ācaratām.

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of bhavati.

भवति (bhavati) - brings (as in "victory occurs/is") (becomes, happens, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kurus

patronymic from Kuru

तदा (tadā) - therefore (then, at that time, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial indeclinable.

तत् (tat) - this (referring to the previous statement) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Object of viddhi.

विद्धि (viddhi) - understand (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative

Root: vid (class 2)

मे (me) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of mama.

वचः (vacaḥ) - statement (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Grammatically nominative, but functions as object with tat viddhi.