महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-140, verse-12

आजिजीविषवो विद्यां यशस्कामाः समन्ततः ।
ते सर्वे नरपापिष्ठा धर्मस्य परिपन्थिनः ॥१२॥

12. ājijīviṣavo vidyāṁ yaśaskāmāḥ samantataḥ ,
te sarve narapāpiṣṭhā dharmasya paripanthinaḥ.

12. ājijīviṣavaḥ vidyām yaśaskāmāḥ samantataḥ te
sarve narapāpiṣṭhāḥ dharmasya paripanthinaḥ

12. ājijīviṣavaḥ vidyām yaśaskāmāḥ samantataḥ te
sarve narapāpiṣṭhāḥ dharmasya paripanthinaḥ

12. Those who desire long life, who crave knowledge, and who seek fame universally—all of them are the most sinful among men, the obstructors of `dharma` (natural law).

Words meanings summery:

• आजिजीविषवः (ājijīviṣavaḥ) - desirous of long life and prosperity (desirous of living, wishing to live long, longing to thrive)

• विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge (knowledge, learning, science)

• यशस्कामाः (yaśaskāmāḥ) - desirous of fame (desirous of fame, fame-seeking)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - universally, entirely (on all sides, entirely, everywhere, completely)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the mentioned people) (they, those)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• नरपापिष्ठाः (narapāpiṣṭhāḥ) - the most sinful of men (most sinful among men, worst of men)

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of `dharma` (natural law) (of `dharma`, of natural law, of duty)

• परिपन्थिनः (paripanthinaḥ) - obstructors, opponents (of dharma) (enemies, obstructors, opponents)

Words meanings and morphology

आजिजीविषवः (ājijīviṣavaḥ) - desirous of long life and prosperity (desirous of living, wishing to live long, longing to thrive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ājijīviṣu

ājijīviṣu - desirous of living, wishing to live long, longing to thrive

Desiderative adjective (from jīv with ā).

Desiderative stem from root jīv (to live) with prefix ā and u suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (people).

विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge (knowledge, learning, science)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, lore

Derived from root vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of desire (implied by kāmāḥ).

यशस्कामाः (yaśaskāmāḥ) - desirous of fame (desirous of fame, fame-seeking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yaśaskāma

yaśaskāma - desirous of fame, fame-seeking, ambitious for glory

Compound of yaśas (fame) and kāma (desire).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yaśas+kāma)

• yaśas – fame, glory, honor, reputation
  noun (neuter)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kam (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Predicate or apposition to te sarve.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - universally, entirely (on all sides, entirely, everywhere, completely)

(indeclinable)

From samanta (all-round) + tas suffix.

Note: Modifies the seeking of fame or the overall state.

ते (te) - they (referring to the mentioned people) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the second clause.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Universal pronoun.

Note: In apposition to te.

नरपापिष्ठाः (narapāpiṣṭhāḥ) - the most sinful of men (most sinful among men, worst of men)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narapāpiṣṭha

narapāpiṣṭha - most sinful among men, worst of men, most wicked of humans

Compound of nara (man) and pāpiṣṭha (most sinful, superlative of pāpin).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+pāpiṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• pāpiṣṭha – most sinful, most wicked, worst (superlative of pāpin)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of pāpin (sinful).

Note: Predicate nominative.

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of `dharma` (natural law) (of `dharma`, of natural law, of duty)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - `dharma`, righteousness, law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, proper conduct

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Connects to paripanthinaḥ.

परिपन्थिनः (paripanthinaḥ) - obstructors, opponents (of dharma) (enemies, obstructors, opponents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paripanthin

paripanthin - obstructer, enemy, opponent, highwayman, robber

Compound of pari (around) + panthan (path) + in suffix. One who obstructs the path.

Compound type : tatpurusha (pari+panthan)

• pari – around, about, fully, completely
  indeclinable
• panthin – a traveler, one who follows a path
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun (related to 'path')
  From path (path) + in suffix.

Note: Predicate nominative.