महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-140, verse-4

बह्व्यः प्रतिविधातव्याः प्रज्ञा राज्ञा ततस्ततः ।
नैकशाखेन धर्मेण यात्रैषा संप्रवर्तते ॥४॥

4. bahvyaḥ pratividhātavyāḥ prajñā rājñā tatastataḥ ,
naikaśākhena dharmeṇa yātraiṣā saṁpravartate.

4. bahvyaḥ pratividhātavyāḥ prajñā rājñā tataḥ tataḥ
| na ekaśākhena dharmeṇa yātrā eṣā sampravartate

4. rājñā bahvyaḥ prajñā pratividhātavyāḥ tataḥ tataḥ
eṣā yātrā ekaśākhena dharmeṇa na sampravartate

4. Many matters requiring discernment (prajñā) must be resolved by the king from various directions. This administrative course of action is not conducted by a single-branched natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• बह्व्यः (bahvyaḥ) - many

• प्रतिविधातव्याः (pratividhātavyāḥ) - to be remedied, to be counteracted, to be addressed

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - intricate issues or matters requiring discernment (prajñā) (wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment, intricate issues)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, from that, from this

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, from that, from this

• न (na) - not, no

• एकशाखेन (ekaśākhena) - by a single-branched, by one-sided

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by the natural law, by duty, by righteousness

• यात्रा (yātrā) - course of action, administrative conduct, livelihood, journey

• एषा (eṣā) - this

• सम्प्रवर्तते (sampravartate) - proceeds, is carried on, functions, is maintained

Words meanings and morphology

बह्व्यः (bahvyaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

प्रतिविधातव्याः (pratividhātavyāḥ) - to be remedied, to be counteracted, to be addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vidhā

vidhā - to arrange, manage, ordain, remedy

Gerundive

Feminine nominative plural, derived from root dhā with prefixes prati-vi-

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Expresses obligation or necessity, agreeing with 'prajñāḥ'.

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - intricate issues or matters requiring discernment (prajñā) (wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment, intricate issues)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, true knowledge, discernment; understanding

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, from that, from this

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated 'tataḥ tataḥ' means 'from various quarters/sources'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, from that, from this

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated 'tataḥ tataḥ' means 'from various quarters/sources'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एकशाखेन (ekaśākhena) - by a single-branched, by one-sided

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ekaśākha

ekaśākha - having a single branch, one-sided, singular in aspect

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+śākha)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral (masculine)
• śākha – branch, division, aspect
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dharmeṇa'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by the natural law, by duty, by righteousness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature, code of conduct

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

यात्रा (yātrā) - course of action, administrative conduct, livelihood, journey

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yātrā

yātrā - journey, procession, course of action, administrative conduct, livelihood, continuation of life

Root: yā (class 2)

एषा (eṣā) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

सम्प्रवर्तते (sampravartate) - proceeds, is carried on, functions, is maintained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛt

Present Middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice, 1st class verb (vartate) with prefixes sam-pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)