महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-140, verse-7

नैकशाखेन धर्मेण राज्ञां धर्मो विधीयते ।
दुर्बलस्य कुतः प्रज्ञा पुरस्तादनुदाहृता ॥७॥

7. naikaśākhena dharmeṇa rājñāṁ dharmo vidhīyate ,
durbalasya kutaḥ prajñā purastādanudāhṛtā.

7. na eka-śākhena dharmeṇa rājñām dharmaḥ vidhīyate
| durbalasya kutaḥ prajñā purastāt anudāhṛtā

7. eka-śākhena dharmeṇa rājñām dharmaḥ na vidhīyate
durbalasya prajñā kutaḥ? purastāt anudāhṛtā

7. The natural law (dharma) for kings is not established by just one branch of law. How can the weak possess wisdom? It has been explained before.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एक-शाखेन (eka-śākhena) - by a single branch (of natural law) (by a single branch)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by a (single) natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by duty)

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - for kings (of kings, for kings)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is established (is established, is ordained, is prescribed)

• दुर्बलस्य (durbalasya) - of the weak (of the weak, for the weak)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (can there be) (whence, from where, how)

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom (wisdom, insight, discernment)

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - before, earlier (before, formerly, in front)

• अनुदाहृता (anudāhṛtā) - explained (before) (stated, declared, mentioned)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

negative particle

एक-शाखेन (eka-śākhena) - by a single branch (of natural law) (by a single branch)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka-śākha

eka-śākha - having a single branch, one-branched

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+śākha)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral (masculine)
• śākha – branch, subdivision, part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies dharmeṇa.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by a (single) natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of action.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - for kings (of kings, for kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Expresses possession or purpose.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb vidhīyate.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is established (is established, is ordained, is prescribed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

present passive

derived from "vi-dhā" (to place, arrange) in passive voice

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

दुर्बलस्य (durbalasya) - of the weak (of the weak, for the weak)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

"dur" (bad, difficult) + "bala" (strength)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+bala)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  prefix
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied noun (e.g., "person").

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how (can there be) (whence, from where, how)

(indeclinable)

adverbial interrogative

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom (wisdom, insight, discernment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, insight, intelligence, discernment

derived from "pra-jñā" (to know, discern)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the implied verb "is" or "exists".

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - before, earlier (before, formerly, in front)

(indeclinable)

adverbial from puras

अनुदाहृता (anudāhṛtā) - explained (before) (stated, declared, mentioned)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anudāhṛta

anudāhṛta - said, stated, declared, mentioned

past passive participle

derived from "anu-ud-hṛ" (to utter, declare)

Prefixes: anu+ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with prajñā.