महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-6, verse-27

प्रतिघातं ह्यविज्ञातं प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः ।
यदारभ्य क्रियां कांचिद्भयादिह निवर्तते ॥२७॥

27. pratighātaṁ hyavijñātaṁ pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ ,
yadārabhya kriyāṁ kāṁcidbhayādiha nivartate.

27. pratighātam hi avijñātam pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ
yadā ārabhya kriyām kām cit bhayāt iha nivartate

27. hi manīṣiṇaḥ avijñātam pratighātam pravadanti yadā iha bhayāt kām cit kriyām ārabhya nivartate.

27. Indeed, the wise (manīṣiṇaḥ) call it an unknown obstruction when someone, having begun a certain action, withdraws from it here out of fear.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिघातम् (pratighātam) - obstruction, hindrance, resistance

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• अविज्ञातम् (avijñātam) - unknown, unrecognized

• प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they say, they declare

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise, thinkers

• यदा (yadā) - when

• आरभ्य (ārabhya) - having begun, having started

• क्रियाम् (kriyām) - action, deed, performance

• काम् (kām) - some, any

• चित् (cit) - (particle indicating indefiniteness)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• इह (iha) - here, in this matter

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - withdraws, turns back, ceases

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिघातम् (pratighātam) - obstruction, hindrance, resistance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratighāta

pratighāta - obstruction, resistance, repulsion, counter-blow

root han + prati prefix + ghañ suffix

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

अविज्ञातम् (avijñātam) - unknown, unrecognized

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avijñāta

avijñāta - unknown, not perceived, unnoticed

Past Passive Participle

root jñā + vi + a (negative prefix) + kta suffix

Prefixes: a+vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of pravad

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise, thinkers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, sage

from manīṣā (intellect, wisdom)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

आरभ्य (ārabhya) - having begun, having started

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

root rabh + ā prefix + lyap suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

क्रियाम् (kriyām) - action, deed, performance

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kriyā

kriyā - action, deed, performance, ritual

root kṛ + ya suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

काम् (kām) - some, any

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, some, any

Note: Used as an indefinite pronoun, modifying kriyām.

चित् (cit) - (particle indicating indefiniteness)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with interrogative pronouns/adjectives to make them indefinite (e.g., kimcit = something/anything).

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

root bhī + a suffix

Root: bhī (class 3)

इह (iha) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

निवर्तते (nivartate) - withdraws, turns back, ceases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of nivṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)