महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-6, verse-22

मत्तोन्मत्तप्रमत्तेषु न शस्त्राण्युपधारयेत् ।
इत्येवं गुरुभिः पूर्वमुपदिष्टं नृणां सदा ॥२२॥

22. mattonmattapramatteṣu na śastrāṇyupadhārayet ,
ityevaṁ gurubhiḥ pūrvamupadiṣṭaṁ nṛṇāṁ sadā.

22. matta-unmatta-pramatteṣu na śastrāṇi upadhārayet
iti evam gurubhiḥ pūrvam upadiṣṭam nṛṇām sadā

22. matta-unmatta-pramatteṣu na śastrāṇi upadhārayet
iti evam gurubhiḥ pūrvam sadā nṛṇām upadiṣṭam

22. ... nor against the intoxicated, the insane, or the heedless. This instruction was thus always given to people by preceptors (guru) in ancient times.

Words meanings summery:

• मत्त-उन्मत्त-प्रमत्तेषु (matta-unmatta-pramatteṣu) - in the intoxicated, insane, or heedless

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शस्त्राणि (śastrāṇi) - weapons (weapons, instruments, tools)

• उपधारयेत् (upadhārayet) - one should wield (weapons) (one should hold, one should wield, one should bear)

• इति (iti) - thus (sums up the preceding injunction) (thus, so, in this manner (introduces direct or indirect speech or sums up previous statement))

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this way, so)

• गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ) - by spiritual preceptors (guru) (by preceptors, by teachers)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - in ancient times (formerly, previously, before)

• उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - instructed (instructed, taught, advised)

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - to people (implied dative sense in context of instruction) (of men, of people)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

Words meanings and morphology

मत्त-उन्मत्त-प्रमत्तेषु (matta-unmatta-pramatteṣu) - in the intoxicated, insane, or heedless

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of matta-unmatta-pramatta

matta-unmatta-pramatta - intoxicated, insane, heedless

Compound type : Dvandva (matta+unmatta+pramatta)

• matta – intoxicated, excited, proud
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mad (to be intoxicated) + kta suffix
  Root: mad (class 4)
• unmatta – insane, mad, frantic
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mad with upasarga ud + kta suffix
  Prefix: ud
  Root: mad (class 4)
• pramatta – heedless, careless, negligent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mad with upasarga pra + kta suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Locative plural, referring to 'in or among' these states of people.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

शस्त्राणि (śastrāṇi) - weapons (weapons, instruments, tools)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śastra

śastra - weapon, instrument, tool, scripture

Root: śas (class 2)

उपधारयेत् (upadhārayet) - one should wield (weapons) (one should hold, one should wield, one should bear)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dhṛ

causative optative

Causative stem dhāraya- from root dhṛ, in optative mood (vidhi-liṅ), 3rd person singular active voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus (sums up the preceding injunction) (thus, so, in this manner (introduces direct or indirect speech or sums up previous statement))

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this way, so)

(indeclinable)

गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ) - by spiritual preceptors (guru) (by preceptors, by teachers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, heavy, venerable

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - in ancient times (formerly, previously, before)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - instructed (instructed, taught, advised)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of diś

diś - to point out, to show, to instruct

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root diś with upasarga upa + kta suffix, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Refers to 'this (instruction)' implied as the subject.

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - to people (implied dative sense in context of instruction) (of men, of people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, person

Note: Genitive plural, but implies dative 'for men' in context of instruction.

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

(indeclinable)